一、分词作表语

表语最好识别，它跟在系动词后边，像：is am are等成为系动词，feel seem 等为半系动词也是表语的标志词

举例：We are very excited at the sound of the news.

He fell embarrassed for being late.

The news is very exciting.

Being late for school is embarrasing.

二、分词作定语

定语有两种位置：单个词前置做状语，短语后置做状语

注意：现在分词表主动进行，过去分词表被动完成。

举例：Polluted air and water are harmful to people's health.

We were given pointed question papers.

The frightended people ran in all directions.

The tired tourist had a rest on the top of the hill.

The firefighters tried to save the trapped child.

特别注意：区分延续动词和瞬时动词

We are busy preparing for the approaching examinations

We are looking forward to the coming Nation Day holiday.

瞬时动词的现在分词不表进行表将来。

The United States of America is a developed country.

China is a developing country.

三、分词做补语

现在分词为主动关系，过去分词为被动关系。

举例：He found his mind playing with other children on the playground.

I had my electric bike repaired yesterday.

He left the top running.

He always keeps the drawer locked.

分词短语做补语

举例：She came home from work only to find her house broken into.

We found the boss satisfied with our work.

I saw the bus filled with passagers.

I noticed her chatting on the phone.

四、分词作状语

分词作状语在主句前表：时间，原因，条件，让步。

举例：Hearing the good news she came to life.------时间

Having a fever,Tom didn't go to school yesterday.------原因

Given more time,I would do the worth better.------条件

Asked to stop smoking many times,John still keep smoking.-------让步

Though John has been asked to stop smoking many times,he still keeps smoking.------让步

If I am given more time,I would do the work better.------让步

As Tom had a fever,he didn't go to school yesterday.------让步

When she hearing the good news,she came to lfe.------让步

分词作状语在主句后：补充解释说明，描述，伴随，方式

He stayed up deep into night last night,prepareing for its coming ind-term exams.

He came into the room,following a child.

其逻辑主语也是主句的主语

He came into the room,followed by a child.