第15讲
1. bring...to mind 使回忆起,唤起对……的回忆▲The old pictures brought my happy childhood to mind. 这些老照片让我想起了快乐的童年。▲The painting brings to mind some of Picasso’s early works. 这幅油画使人们想起了毕加索早期的一些作品。▲That brought your story to mind all at once. 那件事突然让人想起你的故事。
【链接】
have / keep / bear...in mind 记住▲I have it in mind to ask her for advice when I see her. 见到她时征求她的意见,这是我记在心里的事。
make up one’s mind 决心;决定
never mind 别难过;没关系;不重要
mind one’s own business 管好某人自己的事
2. in return (for) 作为……的报答/回礼,交换▲He’s always ready to help others, asking for nothing in return. 他总是乐于助人,不求回报。▲We should bear / keep in mind to give her some roses in return for her kindness. 我们应该记住送给她一些玫瑰以答谢她的好意。▲Liz agreed to look after the baby in return for a free room. 利兹同意照看婴儿,条件是要有一间免费房间。
【辨析】in return与in turn
易混词组
辨析
例句
in return
作为回报;作为回应
Can I buy lunch for you in return for your help? 我能请你吃午饭作为你帮忙的回报吗?
in turn
依次,轮流;反之,反过来
I asked her opinion, but she just asked me a question in turn. 我征求她的意见,她却只是反问了一个问题。
3. all of a sudden 突然间,猛地▲All of a sudden, the lights went out in this room. 突然,这个房间的灯灭了。▲Life seemed all of a sudden depressing and meaningless. 生活突然显得令人沮丧,毫无意义。
(注意:all of a sudden的用法相当于副词suddenly,在句中作状语,强调迅速而意外。)
【链接】
all at once 同时,一起,突然▲All at once the door opened. 门突然打开了。
4. dance to the music 伴着音乐跳舞▲Sometimes, I like dancing to the music to relax myself. 有时,我喜欢伴着音乐跳舞来放松自己。▲Some of them are dancing to the music, which gives life to the party. 他们中有些人正伴着音乐跳舞,这给聚会带来了一些生气。▲They danced to the music of the band. 他们随着乐队的音乐跳舞。
【链接】
dance to the rhythm 跟着节奏跳舞▲Well, I think rap music is kind of cool, and the rhythm is easy to dance to. 噢,我觉得说唱音乐有点儿酷,而且节奏分明,容易跟着起舞。
5. relief N:轻松,宽慰;(痛苦等)缓解,减轻,解除▲It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it. 能和别人谈谈这件事,感到舒心多了。
【拓展】
to one’s relief 使某人欣慰的是▲To my relief, she was safe and sound. 令我欣慰的是,她平安无恙。
bring relief to解除……的痛苦
a sigh of relief 松了一口气▲Hearing the news, he breathed a sigh of relief.一听到消息,他如释重负地松了口气。
【链接】
relieve sb. of sth. 解除某人……方面的负担
relieve sb. from sth. 使某人(从不愉快的境况中)解脱出来
This will relieve pressure on the trains to some degree. 这将在一定程度上缓解对火车的压力。
(注意:to one’s relief = to the relief of sb.,为了强调,可在to前面加much,意为“使某人非常宽慰的是”。用法类似的名词有surprise,sorrow,regret,delight,joy等。▲Much to my relief, my children went home safely. 使我非常宽慰的是,我的孩子安全到家了。)
6. draw upon 用,利用;凭借,依赖▲Musicians often draw upon their imagination and inspiration for composing. 音乐家经常凭他们的想象和灵感来作曲。
【拓展】
draw up起草,草拟;(车辆)停靠
draw near 接近,靠近
draw a conclusion (from) (从……中)得出结论
【链接】
表示“依靠、依赖”和“凭借、利用”之意的常用短语:
depend on / rely on / count on 依靠,依赖▲The country depends heavily on its tourist trade. 这个国家非常依赖旅游业。
make use of / make the best of / take advantage of / draw on (好好)利用▲We will make use of her rich experience. 我们将利用她丰富的经验。
7. honour (= honor)
(1)VT:尊敬,敬重;给……以荣誉▲(honour sb. with sth. 以……向某人表示敬意)▲(be / feel honoured to do sth. 因做某事而感到荣幸)I was honoured to have been mentioned in his speech. 他在讲话中提到了我,我很荣幸。
(2)UN:尊敬,敬重;N单:光荣,荣幸;令人尊敬的人/事
▲(have the honour of doing sth. 得到做某事的荣幸,有幸做某事)▲(in honour of 为纪念……)▲(in one’s honour 为向某人表达敬意,为纪念某人)▲(It is an honour to do... 很荣幸做……)It is a great honour to draw up this important file. 很荣幸起草这份重要的文件。▲(give / show honour to sb. 尊敬/敬重某人)▲(have the honour to do sth. 荣幸地做某事)
(注意:对honour的考查主要集中在honour作名词的用法上:
(1)in honour of与in case of,in spite of,in favour of等结构相同短语的辨析;
(2)使用honour的固定搭配时,要注意honour前冠词的不同。)
【链接】
in memory of 纪念
in favour of 赞同
in support of 支持
in search of 寻找
in possession of 拥有
in need / want of 需要
in place of 代替
in hope of 希望
in front of 在……前面
in course of 正在……中
in charge of 负责;主管
in case of 万一,如果发生
in terms of 就……而言,根据
in view of 鉴于,考虑到
8. present V:颁发;呈献;赠送;提供,提出▲He will present his report to the board on Tuesday. 他将在星期二向董事会提交他的报告。
【拓展】
present V:呈现,表现;陈述;主持
present ADJ:出席的,存在的(仅用于名词后);现存的,目前的(仅用于名词前)
present N:礼物;现在,目前
present sb. with sth. 向某人颁发某物
present sth. to sb. 向某人陈述某事(观点、计划等)
present sb. to sb. 给某人引见某人(相当于introduce)
at present 现在,目前
▲The exhibition presented a picture of general development in China’s economy. 展览会展示了中国经济一片欣欣向荣的景象。▲I presented a smiling face in honour of the old man. 我面对这位老人露出一副笑容以示敬意。
(注意:(1)present作动词时,只跟一个宾语,不跟双宾语。
(2)present(作形容词)作前置定语时,意为“现在的,目前的”;作表语和后置定语时,意为“出席的,到场的”。)
【一言助记】
The girl present at the meeting presented David with a pen as a birthday present. 出席会议的那个女孩赠送给戴维一支钢笔,作为一份生日礼物。
9. in addition to(=介词besides)除此之外▲In addition to English, he has to study a second foreign language. 除了英语之外,他还要学习第二外语。
【拓展】
in addition表示“此外(还……)”,相当于副词besides。▲In addition / Besides, the building has to draw upon windows, allowing people to use the sun for light during the day. 此外,该建筑还得依赖窗子,以便让人们在白天用太阳光来照明。
in addition常置于句首,用逗号与整个句子隔开,也可用于句末。▲I paid 100 yuanin addition. 此外,我又付了100元。
(注意:(1)in addition to中的to是介词,其后接名词、代词、动名词;in addition本身是副词短语,常作插入语。
(2)当主语后面跟有in addition to,as well as,along with,with,together with,rather than,but,except,besides,including等引导的词组时,其谓语动词的单复数由主语的单复数决定。▲Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to the party. 汤姆以及他的两个朋友一起被邀请参加晚会了。)
10. used to be为动词不定式省略结构,此处省略了be动词后的important,仅保留动词不定式符号to(如果to后是动词be或have“有”时,be和have不能省略),以避免与上文内容的重复。可以用动词不定式符号to来代替上文出现过的动词不定式结构的情况有:
(1)在助动词或情态动词之后,如have to,ought to等。▲She must go, but you don’t have to. 她必须走,但你没有必要。
(2)在want,decide,like,love,hope,wish,mean,refuse,try等动词之后。▲You may go with them if you hope to. 如果你希望的话,你可以和他们一起去。
(3)在ask,tell,order,advise,persuade,warn,wish,permit,allow,forbid等动词之后的宾语补足语中。▲Don’t do anything unless your father tells you to. 除非你父亲叫你去做,不然不要做任何事情。
(4)在对话的答语中的happy,glad,eager,anxious,willing,ready,pleased,afraid等形容词后。
▲—Will you present the awards in person? 你亲自颁奖好吗?
—I’m willing to. 我很愿意。
11. therefore ADV:因此,所以▲I’ve never been to China and therefore I don’t know much about it. 我从没去过中国,所以对它知道的不多。▲He was very tired, and therefore he didn’t give the report at the meeting. 他非常疲倦,所以在会上他没有作报告。
【辨析】therefore与so
易混词
辨析
例句
therefore
表示“因此,所以”,是副词,相当于for that reason
We were unable to get enough funding and therefore had to abandon the project. 我们无法得到足够的资金支持,因此不得不取消了这个项目。
so
表示“因此,所以”,常用作连词
In addition to being tired, my knees were badly hurt so I stopped running. 除了太累之外,我的膝盖受伤很严重,所以我停止了赛跑。
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