小升初语法模块讲解及练习

人称代词和物主代词

1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。

2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。

人称代词 物主代词

主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性

我 I me 我的 my mine

你，你们 you you 你的，你们的 your yours

他 he him 他的 his his

她 she her 她的 her hers

它 it it 它的 its its

我们 we us 我们的 our ours

他（她，它）们 they them 他（她，它）们的 their theirs

练习

一.用所给词的适当形式填空

1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )

2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )

3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it's not _________ . ( I )

4. _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )

5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you )

6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she )

7. I can find my toy, but where's _________? ( you )

8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)

9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )

10. Are these _________ tickets? No, _________ are not _________. _________ aren't here. ( they )

11. Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we )

12. _________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she )

13. That is not _________ camera. _________is at home. ( he )

14. Where are _________? I can't find _________. Let's call _________ parents. ( they )

15. Don't touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger!

16. _________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )

17. _________ don't know her name. Would you please tell _________. ( we )

18. So many dogs. Let's count _________. ( they )

19. I have a lovely brother. _________ is only 3. I like _________ very much. ( he )

20. May I sit beside _________? ( you )

21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _________. ( it ）

22.The girl behind _________ is our friend. (she )

二、用am, is, are 填空

1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.

2. The girl______ Jack's sister.

3. The dog _______ tall and fat.

4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.

5. ______ your brother in the classroom?

6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.

7. How _______ your father?

8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.

9. Whose dress ______ this?

10. Whose socks ______ they?

11. That ______ my red skirt.

12. Who ______ I?

13. The jeans ______ on the desk.

14. Here ______ a scarf for you.

15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.

16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.

17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.

18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.

19. Some tea ______ in the glass.

20. Gao shan's shirt _______ over there.

21. My sister's name ______Nancy.

22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.

23. ______ David and Helen from England?

24. There ______ a girl in the room.

25. There ______ some apples on the tree.

26. _______ there any kites in the classroom?

27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle?

28. There _______ some bread on the plate.

29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.

30. You, he and I ______ from China.

通过教材掌握方法.培养英语习惯.教授考试技巧.

一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数

drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________

look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____

come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________

study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______

二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.

2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.

3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.

4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.

5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?

6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?

7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?

8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.

9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.

10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.

11. Mike _______(like) cooking.

12. They _______(have) the same hobby.

13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.

14. You always _______(do) your homework well.

15. I _______(be) ill. I'm staying in bed.

16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.

17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.

18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.

19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.

20. -What day _______(be) it today?

- It's Saturday.

三、按照要求改写句子

1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)

________________________________________________________

3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)

___________________________

4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)

___________________________________________________

5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)

_______________________________________________________

6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)

________________________________________________________

8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)

___________________________________________________

9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)

________________________________________________________

10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

四、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)

1. Is your brother speak English? __________________

2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________

3. He likes play games after class. __________________

4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________

5. She don't do her homework on Sundays. _________________

一、写出下列名词的单数或复数形式。

bus ___________ sheep ___________ woman ___________ dress ___________

story ___________ watch___________ pencil-box___________ apple tree___________ English

stamp___________ geese___________ babies___________ teeth___________ students___________

stars___________ families___________ farmers___________ peaches___________ policeman___________

fish___________ knife___________

box___________ shelf ___________ man___________ child___________

leaf ___________ foot ___________

二、用下列名词的正确形式填空。

1.Is this __________(apple) ? No, it isn’t.

2.What are these? They are ________( orange).

3.Pass me _________(pencil ).

4.Give me some _________(egg)., please.

5.Are those your _______( shoe)? Yes, they are.

6.Those shoes are _______( Tom).

7.Is the big _____________ （orange）Linda’s?

8.There are two ________(knife) in the pencil-box.

9.This __________(T-shirt) is big.

10.How many _________(fish) are there in the river?

11.They have some new _________（hat）.

12.A pig’s ______ (ear) are big.

三、翻译下列短语

1.第三课 ______________________2 六年四班______________________

3.第十二中学______________________ 4.七点半______________________

5 黑色的鞋子 ______________________6 在家______________________

7 三把小刀______________________ 8 一位老教师______________________

9. 九点零三分______________________ 10. 用汉语 ______________________

11. 多少______________________ 12. 上一节语文课______________________

13. 中国邮票 ______________________14. 在太阳下读书______________________

15. 听老师说________________________ 16. 看电视 ________________________

四、找出下列单词中不同类的那一个。

1. A. April B. day C year D. month

2. A. snow B. rainy C windy D. sunny

3. A. manager B. farmer C. work D. nurse

4. A. season B. winter C. spring D. autumn

5. A. year B. month C. day D. May

五、按要求写词

1. do not (缩写词) _______2. Joe(名词所有格) _________3. No. (全写形式) ___________

4. Tom(所有格) ________ 5. Let’s ( 详写形式) ________6. feet ( 单数形式) ___________

7. he ( 宾格形式) _________ 8. white (反义词) __________9. see (近义词) _____________

10. know( 形容词) _______11. my (对应复数) _______12. America (对应的形容词) ________

13. man(名词所有格) _____________ 14.there (相同发音的词) _______________

动词加ing的变化规则

1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking

2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting

3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping

现在进行时专项练习：

一、写出下列动词的现在分词：

play________ run__________ swim _________make__________

go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________

read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________

put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________

live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________

stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________

二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：

1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.

2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .

3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.

4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?

5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .

6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.

7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .

8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.

9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now

10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .

三、句型转换：

1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)

3．I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)

_________________________________________________________________

4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)

　用所给名词的适当形式填空：

1. How many________（sheep） are there on the hill?

2. There is some________（food） in the basket.

3. The baby has only two________（tooth） now.

4. There is a lot of________（water） in the bottle.

5. There are five________（people ） in his family.

6. Let's take________（photo）， OK?

7. I have lots of________（tomato） here.

8. The________（leaf） on the tree turn-yellow.

9. The________（child） are playing games on the playground now.

10. Their________（dictionary） look new.

11. I see you have a few white________（hair）。

12. They are________（woman） doctors.

13. Can you give me some bottles of ____ （orange）， please?

14. There are many________（fox） in the picture.

15. I would like some apple________（juice）。 I am very thirsty

　一、形容词的比较级

1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。

2．形容词加er的规则：

⑴一般在词尾加er ；

⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ；

⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ；

⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。

3．不规则形容词比较级：

good-better, beautiful-more beautiful

二、副词的比较级

1．形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)

⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后

⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后

2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化：well-better, far-farther)

一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级

old__________ young________ tall_______ long________

short________ strong________ big________ small_______

fat_________ thin__________ heavy______ light________

nice_________ good_________ beautiful__________________

low__________ high_________ slow_______ fast________

late__________ early_________ far_________ well_______

二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：

1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me.

2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.

3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is.

4. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.

5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is.

6. Mary’s hair is as __________(long) as Lucy’s.

7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.

8.________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____.

9.Fangfang is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls.

10.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..

11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig?

12.Who gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom?

13._____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys?No,they______.

14. Jim runs _____(slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).

15.The child doesn’t______(write) as ____(fast) as the students.

三、翻译句子：

1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。

________ is _________than Jim？ ________ are

2、谁比David更强壮？是Gao Shan.

________ _________ than David? Gao Shan ________.

3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。

_________ pencil is _________,______or________？________is,I think.

4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？ 我的弟弟的。

_________ apples ________ ________,your _______ or your _______?

My ____________ ___________.

5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。

_________ ________as _________as your uncle?Yes,I am.

6、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。

He _______ as __________ as ________ ________ Jim.

7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。

________ ________ as _________ as______ twin _______?

No, _________ _________ than him.

8.Yang Ling每天睡得比SuYang晚。

Yang Ling ________ to _______ ________ than Su Yang every day.

9.我跳得和Mike一样远。

I _________ as _______ as Mike.

10.Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的,他和我跑得一样快。

____ Tom _____ _____ than you?No,he _______. He_____ as_____ as_____.

11.多做运动，你会更强壮。

________ more exercise,you’ll ________ _________ soon.

12.我的科学很好，但是语文不好。

I ______ ________ at Science.But I don’t _________ well in Chinese.

13. 你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。

____you_______the kite_____than Wang bing?No,I______it _____than___.

14.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。

I like_______.All my______ _______ _______than me.

15.我的姐姐起得比我早。

My_____ _____ up _____than me.

16.女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的。

____the girls______ ______ ______the boys? Yes,they ____.

17.她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。

She doesn’t ____ _____ in PE. But I don’t ______ _____than_____.

18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好。

___ you ____football _____than your classmates?No,they____as____as me.

19．我母亲比我父亲年纪小。

My_____ _____ ______than my ______.

20.她的毛衣和我的一样重。

_____sweater_____ as_______as_____.

21.我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。

My dress_____ too_____. I want to _____a______one.

22. I'm taller than Mike .(该成用原级的比较)

I'm _________ as ________ as Mike .

知识要点

动词表示人或事物的动作或状态。

根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是实义动词（指某个具体的静态如：think, love 等或动态如：run, walk 等）、系动词（常用的是be, feel, get, look, taste等）、助动词（常用的是do, does, did等用来构成否定句及疑问句）、情态动词（常用的有can, may, must, shall, should等，情态动词后一定要跟动词原形）。

1) 动词的基本形式

绝大多数动词都有五种基本形式：动词原形、一般现在时第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。

A. 第三人称单数形式的构成

一般现在时主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词后要加s或es，其变化规则与名词变复数的方法大体相同：

1. 一般情况下只在动词后加s，如work-works, write-writes.

2. 以o,s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词，后加es，如guess-guesses, mix-mixes,

finish-finishes, catch-catches.

3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i加es，如study-studies.

注：不规则变化的有have-has

B. 现在分词的构成

1. 一般情况下在动词后加ing，如study-studying, work-working.

2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e再加ing，如write-writing,

move-moving.

3. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读音节结尾的动词，要双写末尾一个辅音字母，再加ing，如get-getting, begin-beginning.

4. 以ie结尾的名词，一般将ie改为y，再加ing，如lie-lying, die-dying, tie-tying.

C. 过去式和过去分词的构成

1. 一般情况直接加ed，如ask-asked, work-worked.

2. 以不发音的e结尾，只加d，如love-loved, dance-danced.

3. 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i加ed，如try-tried, study-studied.

4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读音节结尾的动词，先双写末尾一个字母，再加ed，如stop-stopped.

　练习：

I. 用be 动词的适当形式填空

1. __________ your father a worker﹖ Yes, he __________.

2.They __________ in the classroom．

3.Where __________ my books﹖

4.These ___________her pears.

5.How much _________the T-shirt?

6.How much __________ the socks?

7.Our mother _________forty last year.

8.You can _________ in our school music club.

9.Let's ___________friends.

10.He and I _________friends.

11.Someone __________ in the room.

12. There ____ some apples on the table yesterday.

II．划出每句中正确的词

1.(Is/Are)his eraser on the sofa?

2.(Where/What)are your baseball?

3.(Do/Does)Mary have a clock?

4.(Are/Do)they want to see a movie?

5.(Is/Can)she play the violin?

6.I (don't/ doesn't)like hamburgers.

7.Why does Alice (likes/like)music?

8.Who (am/is) your father?

9.(What/What's) her favorite subject?

10.How much (are/is) her socks?

11. I (am, is, was, were) busy last week.

12. Tom and I (am, are, was, were) late for school yesterday.

13. I (walk, walks, walked, walking) to school last Saturday.

14. Rose (does not, did not, ) visit her uncle last month.

15. There (is, was, are, were) a lot of people over there ten years ago.

III．写出下列动词的第三人称单数、现在分词和过去式。

如：look - looks - looking- looked

drink_________ _________ _________

go _________ _________ _________

stay _________ _________ _________

make _________ _________ _________

teach_________ _________ _________

ride _________ _________ _________

have_________ _________ _________

pass_________ _________ _________

carry _________ _________ _________

come_________ _________ _________

watch_________ _________ _________

plant_________ _________ _________

fly_________ _________ ____________

study_________ _________ _________

brush_________ _________ _________

read_________ _________ _________

run _________ _________ _________

write_________ _________ _________

swim_________ _________ _________

get_________ _________ __________

say_________ _________ __________

take _________ _________ _________

see_________ _________ __________

begin_________ _________ _________

dance_________ _________ _________

IV.用所给词的正确形式填空。

1. Let me _______ (help) you find your purse.

2. Would you like__________(buy) things for New Year's Day?

3. I like __________( make) kites.

4. He can________ (skate) better than ME.

5. You must _______( listen) to your teacher in class.

6. They enjoy________(play) basketball.

7. She wants________(watch) cartoons.

8. It's time for us ________( read) books.