两个特殊句型

倒装结构

1．完全倒装

(1)、表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语，如here，there，now，then，up, down，in，away，off，out，in the room，on the wall等，置于句首时，完全倒装。

①、快点！公共汽车来了。

Be quick！Here comes the bus.

②、那会儿，什么都没发生。之后大家一起欢呼起来。

For a moment nothing happened.Then came voices all shouting together.

温馨提示：

上述情况中，若主语是人称代词，则不用倒装。

Away they went.他们走了。

Over it turns! 它翻过来了。

(2)、表语＋连系动词＋主语(表语可以是：形容词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词)

出席会议的有怀特教授，史密斯教授还有许多其他客人。

Present at the meeting were Professor White，Professor Smith and many other guests.

(3)、such＋be＋主语

这些就是事实，没有人可以否认。

Such are the facts，no one can deny them.

2．部分倒装

(1)、So/Neither/Nor＋助动词/情态动词＋主语(表示前一句中的内容也适合另一人或另一事物)

莉莉不会打乒乓球。我也不会。

Lily can't play table tennis. Neither can I.

(2)、否定副词never，nor，not，hardly，little，seldom，scarcely，rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time，under/in no circumstances，in no case，by no means，on no condition等置于句首时。

①、约翰昨天和我谈了约一个小时，在那之前，我从未听过他说那么多话。

John talked with me for about an hour yesterday.Never had I heard him talk so much.

②、你决不应该失去信心。

By no means should you lose heart.

(3)、hardly...when...，no sooner...than...，not only...but also...等引导两个分句时，前一个分句用部分倒装，后一个分句不变。

①、他一听到这个消息就哭了。

Hardly/Scarcely had he heard the news when he began to cry.

②、电脑被应用于教学中，结果，不仅节省了老师的精力，学生也对课堂感兴趣了。

The computer was used in teaching.As a result，not only was teachers' energy saved，but students became more interested in the lessons.

(4)、在so/such...that...句型中，若so/such...提到句首时。

①、我觉得这个问题太难解决了以至于决定向汤姆征求建议。

So difficult did I find it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.

②、他取得了如此大的进步以至于受到了表扬。

Such great progress did he make that he was praised.

(5)、当"only＋状语(副词、介词短语或从句)"置于句首时。

只有在我朋友来了之后，电脑才修好。

Only after my friend came was the computer repaired.

温馨提示：

only修饰主语时，句子不倒装。

只有他能回答这个问题。

Only he can answer the question.

(6)、用于as引导的让步状语从句中(表语/状语/动词原形＋as＋主语)。

①、尽管他是个孩子，他却得自己谋生。

Child as he was，he made a living by himself.

②、尽管他还会试，但可能还会失败。

Try as he would，he might fail again.

(7)、在非真实条件句中，条件句中的if省略时，助动词had, were, should提到主语前面时。

如果他来了，叫他打电话给我。

Should he come, tell him to ring me up.

强调句型

1．强调句的基本句型是"It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他部分"。被强调的部分可以是主语、宾语和状语等。

①、只有孩子才会犯这样愚蠢的错误。

It is only children who make such stupid mistakes.

②、是因为她妈妈病了，她昨天才没来上学的。

It was because her mother was ill that she didn't come to school yesterday.

温馨提示：

在强调句型中，要用that作连接词，而不能用which或其他词，而且不能省略。当被强调部分是人，而且作主语时连接词可用who。

强调主语时，要注意连接词与其谓语的一致性。

正是我们的老师帮助我们取得了很大的进步。

It is our teacher who/that helps us make great progress.

当被强调部分是主语且为代词时，要用主格形式。

2．强调句型的一般疑问句只需将is/was提前，特殊疑问句的结构是"疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that从句"。

①、你是昨天在大街上碰到你老师的吗？

Was it yesterday that you met your teacher in the street?

②、究竟是谁告诉你这件事的？

Who was it that told you such a thing?

③、究竟是为什么你昨天没有来开会？

Why was it that you didn't come to the meeting yesterday?

3．"It was not until...that..."这个句型强调时间状语。

直到他爸爸进来时，那个男孩才开始准备功课。

It was not until his father came in that the boy began to prepare his lessons.

4．强调谓语动词时，要在所强调的谓语动词前加上助动词do, does或did。

最后家里的确设法让他上技术学校。

The family did manage to send him to a technical school at the end.

可以让你的作文加分的句型

1、"Only＋状语(从句)"位于句首引起的倒装句

only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首。

①、(2013;高考江苏卷书面表达) 只有当我们言行一致我们才能对所希望实现的目标有重大影响。

Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.

②、只有用这种方式我们才能成功地建立一个节约型社会。

Only in this way can we successfully build an economized society.

2、"not until..."位于句首引起的倒装句

(2013;高考湖北卷;书面表达) 只有在那时我才意识到话语在积极、消极方面有强大的效力。

Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways.

3."not only...but also"结构中"not only"位于句首引起的倒装句

句式升级：在高级词汇"not only...but also..."基础上再使用倒装更提高句子档次。

I can not only keep in touch with my friends and family through my cell，but also almost all information can be gathered on the Internet.

→Not only can I keep in touch with my friends and family through my cell，but also almost all information can be gathered on the Internet.(倒装要比陈述高级)

5．"so/such...that"结构中so/such及后接成分位于句首引起的倒装句

①、这本书非常有趣，我想再读一遍。

So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.

句式升级：恰当使用倒装句，使句子显得更加高级。

②、It is so breathtaking a park that everyone wants to visit it.

→So breathtaking is it a park that everyone wants to visit it.("倒"出来的效果)

6、It is/was＋强调句部分＋that/who＋句子剩余部分。

是因为做兼职工作，大学生们才能获得社会经验,开阔视野。

It is because of doing part-time jobs that college students can gain social experience and broaden their horizons.

7、使用It was not until...that...句型

直到我遇见你才知道事情的真相。

It was not until I met with you that I knew the truth.

8、there be句型

⑴．There be句型的基本意义：某地有某物

与去年相比较，大约增加了百分之十。

There is an increase of about 10 percent, compared with last year.

温馨提示：

由于受汉语影响，有些同学在使用这个句型时常常把be误用成have的某种形式。

下午将有一场演讲。

①There is going to have a lecture this afternoon.(×)

②There is going to be a lecture this afternoon.(√)

⑵．Where there be...there be..."哪里有……哪里就有……"

正如上面详尽的论述所示，活着就有希望。

As the detailed analyses above have shown us, where there is life, there is hope.

⑶．There be＋名词＋分词短语

有三个因素促成了下面的观点。

There are three factors contributing to this attitude as follows.

温馨提示：

在这一句型中，有些同学常常把分词误用成动词原形。

有些学生支持这个主意。

①There are some students support the idea.(×)

②There are some students supporting the idea.(√)

③Some students support the idea.(√)

⑷．There be＋no doubt/no denying/no need/no sense/no use...that...

"毫无疑问/不可否认/没有必要/没有意义/没有用……"

不可否认，我们的环境质量已经每况愈下。

There is no denying that the quality of our environment has gone from bad to worse.

⑸．There be的非谓语形式

there being...(动词ing形式)；there to be...(不定式形式)

关于学校的体育特别测试，我希望会有一条更加合理的规定。

I expect there to be a more reasonable rule towards the school's sports specialty test.

8、使用其他的一些高级表达形式让文章更精彩

⑴．用such总结全文

这就是我们这座充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。

Such is our lively city, which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience.

⑵．使用cannot...too much表示强调

我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

⑶．使用比喻等修辞方法

大家都知道，词汇是语言学习的重要组成部分，就像一座大楼的基石。

As is known to us all, vocabulary is an important part of language, just like bricks in a building.

⑷．使用not...but...句型

(2013高考广东卷;书面表达) 一些人不喜欢他们的工作不是因为他们懒而是因为他们的工作太渺小了。

Some people don't like their jobs not because they're lazy but because their jobs are small.

⑸．巧用词类转化

首先，海外的留学生担当了不同文化的传播者，在中外文化的差异之上架起了一座桥梁。

First，students who have studied abroad can act as sewers between people of different cultures, bridging the gaps between Chinese people and foreign people.

句式升级：I have sent some photos on the Internet to help you learn of our school life here.

→I have emailed some photos to help you picture our school life here.("名词动用"更形象)

⑹．使用否定句

法律就是法律。任何人没有任何借口违反法律。

The law is the law. Nobody has any excuse to break it.

⑺．使用双重否定

尽管自行车有许多明显的优点，它仍然存在一些问题。

Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.