(1) since句型：主句用现在完成时

例：My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.

从1949年，我婶婶就一直在一家诊所工作。

(2) so far /yet /already等 +现在完成时

例： So far, she hasn’t enjoyed the summer vacation.

到目前为止，她还没有享受过暑假。

(3) This/it is the first (third…) time sb. have done sth.（现在完成时）

例：This is the first time I have been here.

这是我第一次到这儿。

This/it was the first (third…) time sb. had done sth.（过去完成时）

例： It was the second time someone had interrupted me that evening.

这是那天晚上第二次有人打扰我。


(4) by the time /by the end of（到……为止）

到过去某个时候为止用过去完成时，到现在为止,用现在完成时，到将来某个时候为止用将来完成时

例：The experiment had been finished by 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon.

这个试验昨天下午4点才完成。

(5) in the past time( two days/years…) +现在完成时

例：In the past 10 years, there have been great changes in our family life.

在过去的十年里，我们的家庭生活发生了很大的变化。

(6) hardly … when…. / no sooner … than句型用过去完成时,意为一….就…,且倒装。

例：Hardly had I reached the school when the bell rang.

我一到学校，铃子就响了。

No sooner had we sat down at the table than the phone rang.

我们刚坐到桌子旁边电话就响了。



(7) 未实现的愿望打算等用过去完成时,如expect, hope, mean, intend, plan, suppose, wish, want, desire等

例：I had thought I could pass the final examination but I failed.

我原以为我能通过期末考试，但是失败了。