"Afford to do sth" 是一个英语短语,主要用于表达某人有足够的时间、金钱或资源去做某件事情。它强调的是能力或者可能性,暗示了做这件事不会对个人的经济状况或时间安排造成过度的压力或负担。在更广泛的语境中,"afford" 也可以表示承受得起某种后果或结果。

**用法:**

1. 基本结构:主语 + can/ could/ would afford to + 动词原形

   例如:She can afford to travel abroad every year.

   (她每年都能负担得起出国旅行的费用。)

2. 否定形式:主语 + cannot/ couldn't/ wouldn't afford to + 动词原形

   例如:We can't afford to waste any more time.

   (我们不能再浪费时间了。)

3. 疑问句:Can/ Could/ Would + 主语 + afford to + 动词原形?

   例如:Can you afford to buy that expensive car?

   (你能买得起那辆昂贵的车吗?)

4. 后接 "not" 表示无法承受:

   例如:They can't afford not to take this opportunity.

   (他们不能错过这个机会。)

**例句:**

1. He affords to live in a luxurious apartment in downtown New York.

   (他有能力在纽约市中心住一套豪华公寓。)

2. She can barely afford to pay her rent, let alone buy new clothes.

   (她几乎连房租都付不起,更不用说买新衣服了。)

3. With his new job, he can finally afford to send his children to a private school.

   (有了新工作,他终于能供孩子们上私立学校了。)

4. We can't afford to miss this deadline; it might cost us our contract.

   (我们不能错过这个截止日期,否则可能会失去合同。)

**同义词辨析:**

- **Manage to do sth**: 强调通过努力或克服困难完成某事,可能不涉及金钱或资源。

   例如:Despite the storm, they managed to arrive on time.

   (尽管有暴风雨,他们还是设法按时到达了。)

- **Be able to do sth**: 表示有能力做某事,但不一定涉及经济或资源的考虑。

   例如:After years of practice, she is now able to play the piano beautifully.

   (经过多年的练习,她现在能弹钢琴弹得很优美了。)

- **Have the means to do sth**: 更侧重于拥有实现某事的手段或资源。

   例如:He has the means to provide for his family's needs.

   (他有办法满足家人的需求。)

请注意,"afford to do sth" 通常与金钱或资源相关,而 "manage to do sth" 和 "be able to do sth" 则更广泛,可以用于描述各种能力或情况。在具体语境中选择使用哪个短语,需要根据上下文判断。