1. clothes, cloth, clothing
clothes 统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数;
cloth 指布,为不可数名词;
clothing 是服装的总称。
2. incident, accident
incident 指小事件;
accident 指不幸的事故。
例:He was killed in the accident.
3. amount, number
amount of 后接不可数名词;
a number of 后接可数名词。
例:amount of money;a number of students
4. family, house, home
home 指家,包括住处和家人;
house 房子,住宅;
family 家庭,家庭成员。
例:My family are watching TV.
5. sound, voice, noise
sound 自然界各种各样的声音;
voice 指人的嗓音;
noise 指噪音 。
例:I hate the loud noise outside.
6. photo, picture, drawing
photo 用照相机拍摄的照片;
picture 可指相片,图片,影片;
drawing 指画的画,主要是素描。
例:Let's go and see a good picture.
7. vocabulary, word
vocabulary 指词汇,一个人拥有的单词量;
word 指具体的单词。
例:He has a large vocabulary.
8. population, people
population 指人口,人数;
people 指具体的人。
例:China has a large population.
9. weather, climate
weather 指一天内具体的天气状况;
climate 指长期的气候状况。
例:The climate here is not good for you.
10. road, street, path, way
road 指具体的公路,马路;
street 指街道;
path 指小路,小径;
way 指道路,途径。
例:take this road;in the street
Show me the way to the museum.
11. course, subject
course 课程(可包括多门科目);
subject 科目(具体的学科)。
例:a summer course
12. custom, habit
custom 指传统风俗,习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接 to do;
habit 指生活习惯,后接 of doing。
例:I've got the habit of drinking a lot.
13. cause, reason
cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接 of sth./doing sth;
reason 用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接 for sth./doing sth。
例:the reason for being late
14. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise 运动,锻炼(不可数);
exercises 练习,操类运动(可数);
practice(反复做的)练习。
例:Practice makes perfect.
15. class, lesson
作“课”解时,两者可以替换。
指课文用 lesson,指班级或全体学生用 class。
16. speech, talk, lecture
speech 指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说;
talk指日常生活中的一般的谈话,讲话;
lecture指学术性的演讲,讲课。
17. officer, official
officer 部队的军官;
official 政府官员
例:an army officer
18. work, job
work 指无差别的人类劳动,不可数;
job 指具体某一项工作, 可数。如a good job。
19. couple, pair
couple 主要指人或动物;
pair 多指由两部分组成的东西。
例:a pair of trousers
20. country, nation, state, land
country 侧重指版图,疆域;
nation 指人民,国民,民族;
state 侧重指政府,政体;
land 国土,国家
例:The whole nation was sad at the news.
21. cook, cooker
cook 指厨师;
cooker 指厨具。
例:He is a good cook.
22. damage, damage
damage 不可数名词,损害,损失;
damages 复数形式,赔偿金。
例:$900 damages
23. police, policeman
police 警察的总称,后接复数谓语动词;
policeman 指某个具体的警察。
例:The police are questioning everyone in the house.
24. problem, question
problem 常和困难联系,前面的动词常为 think about, solve, raise;
question 常和疑问联系,多和ask, answer 连用。
25. man, a man
man 人类;
a man 一个男人。
例:Man will conquer nature.
26. chick, chicken
二者均可指小鸡,chicken 还可以当鸡肉讲。
例:The chicken is delicious.
27. telegram, telegraph
当电报解时,telegram 指具体的,telegraph 指抽象的。
例:a telegram, by telegraph
28. trip, journey, travel, voyage
travel 是最常用的,指旅行或普通出行;
trip 指短期的具有特定目的的旅行;
journey 指稍长的旅途;
voyage 指海上航行。
29. sport, game
sport 多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动,如打球,游泳,打猎,赛马等 ;
game 指决定胜负的游戏,通常有一套规则。
例:His favorite sport is swimming.
30. price, prize
price 价格;
prize 奖,奖品,奖金。
例:win the first prize
The price is high/low.
精彩评论