一、词汇释义
"Logic"一词源自古希腊语"Logike", 在英语中,它主要被定义为“逻辑学”,一种研究推理和论证过程的学科,旨在确定有效的思维模式和论证方法。在更宽泛的意义上,"logic"也可以指遵循合理或必然的推理过程或结果,以及表现出这种推理方式的思维方式或行为。
二、用法例句
1. 作为名词:
- "He is studying philosophy, with a focus on formal logic."(他正在学习哲学,专注于形式逻辑。)
- "The argument was sound in logic, but lacked emotional appeal."(这个论点在逻辑上是合理的,但缺乏情感上的吸引力。)
2. 作为形容词:
- "Her reasoning was logical and persuasive."(她的推理既有逻辑性又具说服力。)
- "The company's decision to diversify seemed logical given the market conditions."(考虑到市场状况,公司决定多元化似乎合乎逻辑。)
三、同义词辨析
1. Reasoning:与"logic"相似,"reasoning"也指推理过程,但它更侧重于实际应用和具体思考的过程。例如,“His reasoning for not attending the meeting was sound.”(他不参加会议的理由是合理的。)
2. Rational:"Rational"强调的是基于理性和逻辑的判断,通常用于描述人的行为或决定。例如,“It was a rational decision based on available information.”(这是一个基于现有信息的理性决定。)
3. Logical consequence:这个短语指的是一个命题或一组命题从逻辑上必然导致另一个命题。例如,“If it rains, the ground will be wet; that is a logical consequence of the rain.”(如果下雨,地面就会湿;这是雨的逻辑后果。)
4. Deductive:与"inductive"相对,"deductive"描述的是从一般原则推导出特定事实的逻辑过程。例如,“Using deductive logic, we can conclude that all humans are mortal since Socrates was human.”(通过演绎逻辑,我们可以得出结论,因为苏格拉底是人类,所以所有人类都是会死的。)
5. Systematic:虽然"systematic"并不直接等同于"logic",但它表示有条理、有计划的,往往涉及到逻辑性的组织和安排。例如,“Her approach to problem-solving was systematic and logical.”(她解决问题的方法是有系统且合乎逻辑的。)
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