1. **基本释义**

   “Restrain”主要表示“控制”或“抑制”,通常指对某人或某事物的行为、情感或冲动进行约束或限制。此外,它还可以指物理上的“束缚”或“固定”。

2. **用法示例**

   a) 用于控制行为或情感:

   ```

   "The teacher had to restrain the excited students from rushing out of the classroom."

   (老师不得不制止兴奋的学生们冲出教室。)

   ```

   b) 用于限制或阻止某事的发生:

   ```

   "The government imposed new regulations to restrain the spread of misinformation online."

   (政府实施了新规定以限制网络上的错误信息传播。)

   ```

   c) 物理上的束缚或固定:

   ```

   "The injured man was restrained to the hospital bed to prevent him from moving."

   (受伤的男子被固定在病床上,以防他移动。)

   ```

3. **同义词辨析**

   - **Control**:两者都表示对行为或情感的管理或约束,但“control”通常暗示更全面和主动的影响力,而“restrain”往往强调被动或临时的限制。

   ```

   "The parents tried to control their child's sugar intake, whereas the doctor had to restrain him from eating candy due to his diabetes."

   (父母试图控制孩子的糖分摄入,而医生则因他的糖尿病不得不限制他吃糖果。)

   ```

   - **Restrict**:与“restrain”相似,都涉及限制,但“restrict”更常用于法律、政策或规则层面的限制,而“restrain”更偏向于个人或直接的行为。

   ```

   "The city council restricted car usage during rush hour, while parents often have to restrain their children from playing in the street."

   (市议会限制了高峰时段的汽车使用,而父母常常需要阻止孩子在街上玩耍。)

   ```

   - **Suppress**:与“restrain”在抑制情感或行为方面有交集,但“suppress”更强调完全消除或压制,而“restrain”可能只是暂时的。

   ```

   "The athlete suppressed his anger to maintain his composure, although he felt the urge to restrain his opponent's aggressive behavior."

   (运动员压制住愤怒以保持冷静,尽管他觉得有必要制止对手的挑衅行为。)

   ```

4. **注意事项**

   使用“restrain”时,应注意其在法律和医疗领域的特殊含义。在法律上,“to restrain someone”可能涉及法院命令,防止某人做出特定行为。在医疗领域,它可能指的是为了患者的安全而进行的身体约束。