一、字面意义:返回

1. 表示回到起点或原地

当 turn back 用于描述物体或人的动作时,它表示回到起点或原地。例如:

The hiker realized he had taken a wrong turn and decided to turn back.

(那个徒步旅行者意识到他走错了路,决定返回。)

2. 表示改变方向

turn back 还可以表示改变方向,例如:

The car turned back at the end of the street and headed in the opposite direction.

(那辆汽车在街道尽头掉头,朝相反的方向行驶。)

二、比喻意义:回溯

1. 回顾历史或过去的经历

在比喻意义上,turn back 可以表示回顾历史或过去的经历。例如:

In his memoir, the author turns back to his childhood to explore the roots of his passion for music.

(在回忆录中,作者回顾童年,探索他对音乐的热情的根源。)

2. 表示回到过去的某个状态或阶段

turn back 还可以表示回到过去的某个状态或阶段。例如:

After years of progress, the country cannot afford to turn back to its old ways of doing things.

(经过多年的进步,这个国家不能回到过去做事的老方法。)

三、回避与拒绝

1. 表示回避问题或逃避现实

turn back 还可以表示回避问题或逃避现实。例如:

He tried to turn back from the difficult question, but the interviewer persisted.

(他试图回避这个棘手的问题,但采访者坚持不懈。)

2. 表示拒绝接受或拒绝参与

此外,turn back 还可以表示拒绝接受或拒绝参与。例如:

The company turned back the proposal, citing concerns about its feasibility.

(该公司拒绝了这个提议,理由是对其可行性的担忧。)

四、其他用法

1. 表示阻止或限制

在某些情况下,turn back 还可以表示阻止或限制。例如:

The guards turned back the protesters, preventing them from entering the building.

(卫兵阻止了抗议者,不让他们进入大楼。)

2. 表示使某人失望或沮丧

turn back 还可以表示使某人失望或沮丧。例如:

The team's loss turned back their fans' hopes of a championship.

(球队的失利让球迷们对冠军的期望破灭。)