一、基本含义
Pull down作为一个动词短语,其基本含义是“拆毁”或“摧毁”。它通常用于描述拆除建筑物、结构或其他物体的过程。例如:
1. They decided to pull down the old bridge and build a new one.
(他们决定拆掉旧桥,建一座新的。)
二、引申含义
除了基本含义外,pull down还有以下引申含义:
1. 降低,减少
Pull down可以用于描述降低或减少某物的高度、数量或程度。例如:
(1) The government plans to pull down the tax rates for small businesses.
(政府计划降低中小企业的税率。)
(2) The chef pulled down the heat under the saucepan to prevent the sauce from burning.
(厨师调低了炖锅下的火力,以防酱汁烧焦。)
2. 取下,摘下
Pull down还可以表示从高处取下或摘下某物。例如:
(1) Please pull down the ladder so we can reach the top shelf.
(请把梯子拿下来,这样我们就能拿到顶层的架子。)
(2) She pulled down the branches to pick the fruit.
(她拉下树枝来摘果子。)
3. 使失败,使破产
Pull down还可以用于描述导致某人或某事失败、破产或名誉受损的情况。例如:
(1) The scandal pulled down the once-powerful politician.
(这场丑闻使曾经权势滔天的政治家声名狼藉。)
(2) The company's poor management pulled down its profits.
(公司糟糕的管理导致了利润的下降。)
三、常见搭配
为了更好地理解和运用pull down,我们需要了解与其常见的搭配:
1. Pull down a building/structure
(拆除建筑物/结构)
2. Pull down the curtains/blinds
(拉下窗帘/百叶窗)
3. Pull down the price
(降低价格)
4. Pull down the reputation
(损害声誉)
5. Pull down a website
(关闭网站)
四、注意事项
在使用pull down时,需要注意以下几点:
1. 根据上下文选择合适的含义。
由于pull down具有多种含义,因此在使用时需根据上下文判断其确切含义。例如:
(1) The city authorities decided to pull down the old houses to make way for new developments.
(市政当局决定拆除旧房子,为新的发展腾出空间。)
(2) He pulled down the hanger to get his coat.
(他拉下衣架拿外套。)
2. 避免与push down混淆。
Pull down与push down虽然在某些情况下可以互换,但它们的含义和用法有所不同。Push down通常表示用力向下推某物,而pull down则表示将其拉下来。例如:
(1) The weightlifter pushed down the barbell with ease.
(举重运动员轻松地把杠铃推了下去。)
(2) She pulled down the branches to pick the fruit.
(她拉下树枝来摘果子。)
五、实际应用
为了更好地掌握pull down的用法,我们可以通过以下例句加深理解:
1. The workers will pull down the old factory and build a shopping center in its place.
(工人们将拆除旧工厂,并在其原址建一个购物中心。)
2. The government is trying to pull down the levels of air pollution in the city.
(政府正努力降低城市的空气污染水平。)
3. After the storm, the neighbors helped each other pull down the fallen trees blocking their driveways.
(暴风雨过后,邻居们互相帮助,拆除挡住他们车道的倒下的树木。)
4. The celebrity's controversial remarks pulled down his reputation in the public eye.
(这位名人的争议言论使他在公众眼中的声誉受损。)
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