一、 "Pay Back" 的基本含义
"Pay back" 是一个常用的动词短语,通常表示 "归还"、"偿还" 或 "报复"。它由两个词组成:动词 "pay" 和副词 "back"。在不同的语境下,"pay back" 可以表示不同的意义。
1. 归还或偿还:当 "pay back" 用于金钱、物品或服务时,表示归还或偿还对方所给予的东西。例如,如果你向朋友借了一笔钱,当你归还这笔钱时,可以说 "I have to pay back the money I borrowed from my friend."
2. 报复:当 "pay back" 用于人际关系或情感时,表示对某人进行报复或报复性的行为。例如,如果你的朋友对你做了一件不好的事情,你可能会想要 "pay him back" 来报复他。
二、 "Pay Back" 的结构和用法
1. 基本结构
"Pay back" 的基本结构为:主语 + pay back + 宾语。宾语可以是名词、代词或动名词。例如:
- I will pay back the loan next month.(我下个月会还贷款。)
- She paid back the favor by helping him find a job.(她通过帮他找到一份工作来回报这个人情。)
2. 用于表示时间的状语
当需要表示 "pay back" 发生的时间时,可以在句子中加入表示时间的状语。例如:
- He paid back the money immediately after receiving the reminder.(收到提醒后,他立刻还了钱。)
- They will pay back the investment within five years.(他们将在五年内偿还投资。)
3. 用于条件句
"Pay back" 也可以用于条件句中,表示在某种条件下需要进行归还或报复。例如:
- If you don't pay back the money, I will take legal action.(如果你不还钱,我将采取法律行动。)
- Unless she pays back the favor, I won't help her with her project.(除非她还了这个人情,否则我不会帮她完成她的项目。)
4. 用于被动语态
当 "pay back" 用于被动语态时,表示某人或某物被归还或报复。被动语态的结构为:主语 + be + past participle of "pay back" + 其他成分。例如:
- The loan was paid back on time.(贷款按时还清了。)
- The insult he received was paid back tenfold.(他受到的侮辱得到了十倍的报复。)
三、 "Pay Back" 的常见搭配和例句
1. Pay back in full(全额偿还)
当需要表示将全部债务或人情完全偿还时,可以使用 "pay back in full" 这个搭配。例如:
- After working two extra jobs, he was finally able to pay back the debt in full.(通过做两份兼职工作,他终于能够全额还清债务。)
2. Pay back with interest(带息偿还)
"Pay back with interest" 表示在归还本金的同时,还需支付额外的利息。例如:
- The bank requires you to pay back the loan with interest within three years.(银行要求你在三年内带息偿还贷款。)
3. Pay back for(为某事报复)
当需要表示为某事进行报复时,可以使用 "pay back for" 这个搭配。例如:
- He vowed to pay back for the betrayal he had suffered.(他发誓要为所遭受的背叛进行报复。)
4. Pay back someone's kindness(回报某人的善意)
当需要表示回报某人的好意或帮助时,可以使用 "pay back someone's kindness" 这个搭配。例如:
- After she took care of his dog, he paid back her kindness by fixing her computer.(在她照顾他的狗之后,他通过修理她的电脑来回报她的善意。)
四、 "Pay Back" 与其他短语的辨析
1. Pay back vs. pay off
虽然 "pay back" 和 "pay off" 都与归还或偿还有关,但它们的含义和用法有所不同。"Pay off" 通常表示成功地完成某事或获得预期的结果,而 "pay back" 侧重于归还或报复。例如:
- Paying off the mortgage early can save you a lot of money.(提前还清抵押贷款可以节省很多钱。)
- His hard work finally paid off, and he got the promotion he deserved.(他的努力终于得到了回报,他获得了应得的晋升。)
2. Pay back vs. give back
"Give back" 与 "pay back" 类似,都表示归还某物。然而,"give back" 更侧重于归还物品,而 "pay back" 更侧重于归还金钱或人情。例如:
- Please give back the books you borrowed from the library.(请归还你从图书馆借的书。)
- I will pay back the money I owe you as soon as possible.(我会尽快还清欠你的钱。)
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