## 1. 释义
"Accuse" 是一个英语动词,源自拉丁语 "accusare",意为“指控”或“控告”。在现代英语中,"accuse" 主要用来表示指称某人犯有某种错误、罪行或不道德行为。它通常涉及到一种正式或非正式的指责,可以是公开的,也可以是私下的。使用 "accuse" 时,通常会伴随着强烈的情感色彩,因为它涉及到对某人的负面评价。
## 2. 用法
### 2.1 基本用法
- **直接宾语**:在大多数情况下,"accuse" 后面直接跟被指控的人作为宾语,例如 "She accused him of stealing."(她指控他偷窃。)
- **介词 "of"**:通常我们会用 "of" 来引出被指控的具体行为或罪名,如 "He was accused of fraud."(他被指控欺诈。)
### 2.2 结构变化
- **被动语态**:"Accuse" 可以用于被动语态,强调被指控者,如 "John was accused by his colleagues of embezzlement."(约翰被他的同事指控挪用公款。)
- **否定形式**:否定形式 "not accuse" 表示没有指控或否认指控,如 "The witness didn't accuse anyone."(证人没有指控任何人。)
### 2.3 引申用法
"Accuse" 也可以用于非法律或道德层面的指责,例如在日常对话中指出他人的错误或失误,如 "My friend accused me of forgetting our appointment."(我的朋友指责我忘记了我们的约会。)
## 3. 例句
1. The police accused the suspect of murder after finding evidence at the crime scene.(警方在犯罪现场找到证据后指控嫌疑人谋杀。)
2. She accused her neighbor of playing loud music late at night, disturbing her sleep.(她指控邻居深夜大声播放音乐,打扰了她的睡眠。)
3. In the debate, the candidate accused his opponent of spreading false information.(在辩论中,候选人指控对手传播虚假信息。)
4. The teacher accused several students of cheating on the exam.(老师指控几个学生考试作弊。)
5. He accused me of being irresponsible when I forgot to return his book on time.(当我忘记按时归还他的书时,他指责我不负责任。)
## 4. 同义词辨析
### 4.1 Charge
"Charge" 与 "accuse" 在很多情况下可互换使用,但 "charge" 通常在法律语境中更为正式,如 "The prosecutor charged him with theft."(检察官对他提起盗窃指控。)
### 4.2 Blame
"Blame" 意味着将责任归咎于某人,但并不一定涉及违法行为,更常见于日常生活中的小错误或失误,如 "She blamed herself for the accident."(她把事故的责任归咎于自己。)
### 4.3 Accuse vs. Implicate
"Implicate" 意味着某人与某个事件或犯罪有关联,但不一定直接指控他们,如 "The evidence implicates him in the robbery."(证据显示他与抢劫案有关。)
### 4.4 Accuse vs. Denounce
"Denounce" 强调公开谴责或揭露某人的错误或不道德行为,常带有道德或道义上的判断,如 "The activist denounced the company's unethical practices."(活动家公开谴责了该公司的不道德行为。)
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