首先,"absence"是一个名词,主要表示“不在场,缺席”,可以指人的物理存在或精神状态的缺失。例如:

1. "His absence from the meeting raised concerns about his commitment to the project."(他缺席会议引发了对他对项目承诺的担忧。)

2. "In her absence, I'll be handling her responsibilities."(她不在期间,我将负责她的职责。)

此外,"absence"也可以表示“缺乏,不存在”,常用于抽象概念。如:

3. "The absence of clear guidelines led to confusion among team members."(缺乏明确的指导方针导致团队成员感到困惑。)

现在,让我们来探讨一下与"absence"相似但有微妙区别的同义词。首先是"absenteeism",它更具体地指因病、事假或其他原因而连续或频繁缺席的行为,常用于学校或工作场所。例如:

4. "The school's high rate of absenteeism is a cause for concern."(学校高频率的缺勤率是个问题。)

其次是"departure",它强调离开或离去的动作,而非状态。例如:

5. "Their sudden departure left us all in shock."(他们突然的离开让我们都大吃一惊。)

再者是"omission",它侧重于遗漏或省略的行为或结果,而非人或物的不在。例如:

6. "The omission of key details in the report made it difficult to understand the situation."(报告中关键细节的遗漏使得难以理解情况。)

最后是"lack",它广泛用于表示缺少或不足,可以是物质的也可以是抽象的。例如:

7. "There was a lack of communication between the two departments, causing misunderstandings."(两个部门之间缺乏沟通,导致了误解。)