什么是零冠词现象?
顾名思义,就是不需要冠词,直接用名词。
1."人名、地名、国名"等专有名词前通常不用冠词:
1). Mary; Tom; Jim; Miss Li; Mr. Zhang; Lei Feng
2). Beijing; Shanghai; London; Paris
3). England; China; Germany; South Africa
但如后有定语修饰表特指,需加定冠词:
1). He is not longer the Brown we knew ten years ago.
他不是我们十年前认识的那个布朗。
2). The Beijing of today is different from what it was.
今天的北京不同与从前的北京了。
2."街名、广场名、公园名、大学名"等专有名词前通常不用冠词:
1).Wang Fu Jing Street 王府井大街; Naking Road 南京路
2).Tian An Men Square 天安门广场
3).Pei Hai Park 北海公园; Hyde Park海德公园
4).Beijing University 北京大学; Zhejiang University 浙江大学
但也可说:the University of Beijing; the University of Zhejiang
3.“正职或表示独一无二的官衔,职位,称号”的专有名词作表语、补语、介词的宾语或同位语时,前一般不加冠词:
The guards took the American to General Lee.
士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。
但这个名词后有短语"of"时,有时也可加"the":
He is (the) captain of the basketball team.
他是篮球队的队长。
He is chairman of the Students' Union.
他是学生会主席。
They elected him president of the U.S.
他们选他当美国总统。
如不是独一的要加不定冠词:
She is a teacher of English in our school.
她是我校的一位英语教师。
4."个体名词复数"表泛指一类人或事物时不用冠词:
1). My mother and father are school teachers.
我母亲和父亲都是教师。
2). Horses are useful animals.
马是有用的动物。
5."抽象名词、物质名词"表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词:
1). Failure is the mother of success.
失败乃成功之母。
2). Man cannot live without water.
人离开水就无法生存。
3). He is fond of music.
他喜欢音乐。
但如后有定语修饰表特指,需加定冠词:
1). The news that you heard is true.
你听到的消息是真的。
2). The water in this well is fit to drink.
这口井里的水能喝。
3). The music of the film is very beautiful.
这部影片的音乐很动听。
6."节日、季节"等名词前不用冠词:
1).节日
New Year's Day 新年,元旦;
Women's Day 妇女节;
Labour Day 劳动节;
Children's Day 儿童节;
April Fools'Day 愚人节;
Christmas Day 圣诞节;
National Day 国庆节。
Thanksgiving Day falls on the 4th Thursday in November.
感恩节在每年十一月的第四个星期四。
但我国的节日前用定冠词:
the Spring Festival 春节;
the Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节
2).季节
in spring (summer, autumn, winter)
Winter has come, is spring still far away?
冬天来了,春天还会远吗?
但如后有定语修饰表特指,需加定冠词:
in the spring of 1945 一九四五年的春季
7."年份、月份、星期、日期"等名词前不用冠词:
in 1988; in August; on Thursday;on August 8th
We go to school from Monday to Friday.
我们从星期一到星期五都上课。
8."一日三餐"等名词前不用冠词:have breakfast (lunch, supper)
I have breakfast at 7 every day.
但如前面有形容词修饰,需用不定冠词;后面有定语修饰,需用定冠词:
He had a big breakfast today.
他今天吃了顿丰盛的早餐。
The breakfast he had today was good.
他今天吃的早餐不错。
9.球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前,不用冠词:
1). play football (basketball; volleyball; tennis; tennis ball)
2). play chess
10.当"bike, car, bus, train, boat, ship, plane"等与"by"连用,表示一种交通手段时,不用冠词:by bus,by train;
He goes to work by bike.
他骑车去上班。
Did you come back by plane or by train?
你坐飞机还是坐火车回来的?
"by water, by land, by sea, by air"以及"on foot, on horseback"也属同种情况:
She said they would go there by air.
她说他们将坐飞机去那儿。
Two men on horseback——nothing else.
有两个人在马背上,别的一无所有。
但当这些名词特指某一交通工具时,则要与冠词连用:
The assistant went on a bike.
助手骑一辆自行车出去了。
After the school the girl returned home on the 9:30 train.
放学后,这女孩坐9:30的火车回家去。
11.序数词作副词时,前不用冠词:
He came first in the race.
Work must come first.
12.一些固定词组中:go to bed, go to school, by bus, at night
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