第1种:turn/go painter;
第2种:Child as/though/that he was, Tom knew a lot.
第3种:fool enough, man enough to do sth/for sth
第4种:充当句子表语(主语补语)或同位语的名词,若表示独一无二的职务、身份(头衔、称呼)时,常使用零冠词的结构。
——【这也是目前高考英语所认可的考点,即需要省略冠词the】
第5种:the post/role/position of sth,若sth表示独一无二的职务、身份(头衔、称呼)时,常使用零冠词的结构。
第1种:turn/go painter;
《剑桥高阶英汉双解词典》第2429页turn词条
Keele, pop star turned business tycoon, has launched a new range of cosmetics.
基尔,从流行音乐歌星摇身成为商业巨子,已经推出了一个新系列的化妆品。
《英汉多功能学习词典》第1546页turn词条
The teacher turned politician.
那位教师变成了政治家。(名词作补语时,通常不加冠词)
《英语语法大全》(伦道夫 夸克等著)第375页
turn的补语是个例外,它即使在不包含独一无二意义时也用零冠词;
Jenny started out as a music student before she turned linguist. 但:
…before she became a linguist.
《英语语法大全》(伦道夫 夸克等著)第1626页
change into, grow into和turn into之类的结果连系介词动词,它们的意思都是“become”。
请注意He turned traitor和He turned into a traitor的近义关系。
《最新高级英汉词典》第467页go词条8
go(后接表语)变成;处于…状态;习惯于…
go apprentice当学徒
go hungry/blind/mad/naked挨饿/变瞎/变疯/赤身裸体
第2种:Child as/though/that he was, Tom knew a lot.
《文馨当代英汉词典》第100页as词条
as(连接表让步的从句)尽管;虽然
Woman as she was, she was not afraid.
她虽身为女人,却不害怕。(as之前的名词不可加冠词)
《英汉多功能词典》(外研社 双色版)第111页as词条
as(表示转折)虽然…,尽管…
(用于名词、形容词、副词、动词原形之后,转折的意识是与主句的对比产生的)
Smart student as he was, even he couldn’t get into Harvard.
虽然他是一名聪明的学生,但即使是他也没能进入哈佛大学。(名词前的过程省略)
《英汉多功能词典》(外研社 双色版)第2227页though词条
Though he is a mathematical genius (或Mathematical genius though he is), he’s poor at music.
虽然他是数学天才,但他在音乐方面却并不擅长。
(倒装中等的语序强调用作补语的名词,冠词可省略)
《英汉多功能学习词典》第1499页though词条
Millionaire though he was /Though he was a millionaire, he never let an opportunity slip.
他虽然是百万富翁,但从不放过一个(赚钱的)机会。
(为加强语气而讲表语置于though之前,注意省略了冠词)
《英汉多功能词典》(外研社 双色版)第2208页that词条
that(表示让步、理由)尽管,由于
Honest man that he was, h would not accept the money.
他是个诚实的人,所以不会接受那笔钱。
《英汉多功能学习词典》第1489页that词条
that(正式,表示让步)虽然…,尽管…
(通常将用作表语的名词或形容词置于that之前)
Rookie that he is, he does a good job. 虽然是新手,但他工作却很出色。
第3种:fool enough, man enough to do sth/for sth
《麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典》第802页fool词条
fool enough to do sth愚蠢到做某事的程度
《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》第826页fool词条1
I never thought you’d be fool enough to believe him.
=I never thought you’d be of a fool to believe him.
我完全没有想到你竟然会傻到去相信他。
《COBUILD英汉双解词典》第747页fool词条
He was not fool enough to think that the job would be easy.
他还没有愚蠢到认为做那件事会很轻松的哩。
《朗文当代高级英语辞典》第五版第1527页2
He wasn’t man enough (=strong or brave enough) to face up to his responsibilities.
他没有足够的男子气概去面对自己的责任。
《COBUILD英汉双解词典》第1180页man词条16
If you are man enough for something, you have the necessary courage or ability to do it; used showing approval. (褒)有足够的勇气(或能力)
He’s not man enough for the job. 他没有足够的胆识承担这项工作。
第4种:充当句子表语(主语补语)或同位语的名词,若表示独一无二的职务、身份(头衔、称呼)时,常使用零冠词的结构。
【这也是目前高考英语所认可的考点,即需要省略冠词the】
2012年高考英语,重庆卷第24题,原题为:
Sam has been appointed _______ manager of the engineering department to take _________ place of George.
A: /; / B: the; / C: the; the D: /; the
命题人所设计的答案为D: /; the。
《文馨当代英汉词典》第85页appoint词条1所说:
He has been appointed chairman.他被指派为主席(当补语的职称无冠词)。
《朗文当代高级英语辞典》第五版第101页appoint词条1也是采用这个含义:
O’Connell was appointed as chairman. 奥孔奈尔被任命为主席。
《麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典》第85页appoint词条1也是同样的说法:
Picard has been appointed managing director of the new division.
皮卡德被任命为新部门的总经理。
《剑桥高阶英汉双解词典》第93页appoint词条:任命;委派:
He’s just been appointed (as) director of the publishing division.
他刚刚被任命为出版科科长。
《牛津英语用法指南》(第三版)第99页12 (职业和职位)
如果表示某人担任某特殊职位(某机构独一无二的职位),且该职位名词位于句中的补语位置,通常不用the。试比较:
They appointed him Head Librarian. 他们任命他为图书馆馆长。
Where’s the librarian? 图书管理员哪去了?
He was elected President in 1879. 他于1879年当选为总统。
I want to see the President. 我要见总统。
《英语语法大全》(伦道夫 夸克等著)第374页
在系动词关系中的名词短语:
5.42英语与其他语言不同,单数具数名词作补语用时通常需要一个冠词:
Bill is an engineer. Mary is the secretary.
但在如下的情况下,这些结构中出现零冠词,即句子中的补语(或相应的同位语名词短语),是某一个独一无二的身份或职务的名称。下列例句表明,在这种情况下零冠词与the可以交替使用:
Maureen is (the) captain of the team.
John F. Kennedy was (the) President of the United States in 1961.
As (the) chairman of the committee, I declare this meeting closed.
They’ve appointed Fred (the) treasurer, and no doubt he will soon become (the) secretary.
他们已经推选弗雷德为财政司司长,毫无疑问将来他会成为财政部部长。
第5种:the post/role/position of sth,若sth表示独一无二的职务、身份(头衔、称呼)时,常使用零冠词的结构。
《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》第1806页role词条
She likes to play the role of matchmaker with her friends.
她喜欢给她的朋友们当媒人。
《朗文当代高级英语辞典》第五版第1948页post词条
She was offered the post of ambassador to India. 她被委任为驻印度大使。
He will take up his post as Head of Modern Languages in September.
他将于9月份就任当代语言系系主任。
《英汉多功能学习词典》第1131页post词条
post职位,职务
take the post of Finance Minister任财政部长
She got the post of sales manager. 她获任销售经理。
《最新高级英汉词典》第855页position词条
position职位,职务
take a position as (a) typist任打字员的职务
《朗文当代高级英语辞典》第五版第1944页position词条7
position(正式)职位,职务
Bill took up his new position as Works Director in October. 10月份比尔上任当了厂长。
She has held the position of Chief Financial Officer since 1992.
她自1992年起担任财务主管一职。
《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》第1609页position词条6
She was named to the position of senior vice president of marketing.
她被任命为市场营销高级副总裁。
《英语语法大全》(伦道夫 夸克等著)第375页
the post of, the position of和the role of这类词组由于隐含了“独一无二的身份”的意思,接在它们后面的定冠词通常省略:
After declining the post of Secretary of State, he nevertheless found himself taking on the role of unofficial adviser to the President.
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