Be+表语（形容词、名词、介词短语、副词）

除系动词be外，还有其他几个常用的表示状态及变化的系动词，如feel/smell/taste/turn/get/become等。

e.g:

Tom felt tired.

Her face turns red.

I became a teacher last year.

It is getting longer and longer.

They look the same.

She grows old.

---Can’t you see?难道你看不见吗?

---No,I can′t.是的,我看不见。

用情态动词（can/may/must）、系动词be、助动词（do/does/did）等的否定式开头的疑问句叫否定疑问句。

表示惊奇、反问以及看法、建议等，有“难道不……?”之意。回答这类问句时，回答是肯定的，用yes，是否定的就用no.

e.g:

---Didn’t you go there?难道你没去那儿？

---Yes,I did.不，我去了。

There be与have当“有”讲

（1）There be+某人/物+某时/地。表示“某处有某任某物” be的单复数与后面的“某任物”一致。

（2）have 强调人所有，当主语为第三人称单数时，要用has.

e.g:

There is a book on the desk.

There are a pen and two knife in the pencil-box.

He has a new house.

a.What+a/an+adj.+单数可数n.+主语+谓语！

b.What +adj.+复数可数n./不可数n.+主语+谓语！

c.How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语！

d.How+主语+谓语！

感叹句以what和how引导，常用来表示说话时的惊奇、喜悦、气愤等情绪。what用来修饰名词，how用来修饰形容词。

e.g:

What a lovely boy(he is)!

How lovely the boy is!

What beautiful flowers!

How time flies!

a.too……to……太······以致不能······

b.(not) enough……to……足够······（不能）去做······

c.so+adj./adv.+that

d.such+a/an+单数可数名词/复数名词+that

（1）句型a能把两个简单句合并为一个简单句。too是副词，后接形容词或副词，不可接名词。to是不定式符号，后接动词原形。

（2）too…to…是个否定结构,如果在前面加上not或never就成为肯定结构:不太……以致能……

（3）enough…to…是个肯定结构, enough修饰名词时可前置也可后置,修饰形容词或副词时必须后置，to不定式结构作状语。

（4）句型a.b.可转化为从句c.或d.

e.g:

We are very tired.We can’t go.

---We are too tired to go.

It’s never too old to learn.活到老学到老。

My sister is old enough to go to school. =My sister is too young to go to school.

My sister is old enough to go to school.

=My sister is too young to go to school.

=My sister is so young that she doesn’t go to school.

=My sister is such a young girl that she doesn’t go to school.

a.neither……nor……„既不……也不……

b.either……or……或者（要么）……或者（要么）……

c.not only……but also……不但……而且……

d.not……but……不是……而是……

上述句型属于同一类结构，并列连词须连结对等的词或短语，且连接主语时，谓语动词的单复数应和最近的一个主语一致。

e.g：

Neither he nor you are wrong.

=Both he and you are right.你和他都没错。

Either Mary or Tom wants to go there.要么（不是）玛丽要么（就是）汤姆想去哪儿。

She not only speaks English well but also writes English well.她不但英语说得好，而且写得好。

He is not a teacher,but a farmer.他不但是教师而是个农民。

a.have to不得不，必须（=must）

b.don’t have to 不必（=needn’t）

c.will have to得，将有必要。

上述结构都是由have构成的，使用时应特别注意：have to 虽与must意义相同，但have强调客观，must强调主观。

e.g:

It’s too late,I have to go.

We must work hard.

You don’t have to come here.

=You needn’t come here.

He will have to do that.

a.Shall we……?我们好吗……？

b.Let’s……让我们……

c.What/How about……?怎么样……？

d.Why not……? =Why don’t+主？为什么不……?

建议的5种句型。回答一般为： (That’s a)Good idea./Ok./All right./Yes,please.

否定回答一般为： No,please don’t./Sorry./I’m not free.

句型a.b.d后直接跟动词原形。c.后跟名词或动名词。

e.g:

---Shall we leave now? ---Good idea.

---What/How about going out for a walk? ---Sorry,I’m not free.

---Why not go there?=Why don’t you go there? ---All right.

这八种句式，常规又地道，用对了不但为你的作文增色不少，还能有效缓解你写作文提笔难的问题，期末将至，赶快收藏用起来了！