考向一 形容词、副词的基本用法

1.形容词作状语表示伴随或结果,并不表达动作的方式。

After the long journey,the three of them went back home,hungry and tired.

经过长时间旅行后,他们三个回到家,又饿又累。

2.有些副词还可以作连词,作副词时常放在句末。如:though,(ever)since,in case等

He is old. He works hard,though.

=Though he is old,he works hard.

虽然他年事已高,但他工作还是很努力。

3.有些副词置于句首可修饰全句,作评注性状语。如:obviously,naturally,surprisingly等

Fortunately,he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA.

幸运的是,他没被淹死,被解放军给救了。

Happily for her,her stepmother was kind to her.

高兴的是,她的继母对她很好。

4.can not/never 与enough 或too连用表示:无论怎样都不过分;越……越好。

—I was riding alone in the street and all of a sudden,a car cut in and knocked me down.

——我正在大街上独自一人骑自行车,突然一辆小汽车强行超车把我撞倒了。

—You can never be too careful in the street.

— —在大街上你越小心越好。

考向二 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级

1."as+形容词+(a/an)+名词+as"表示同级比较,注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。

It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.

人们普遍认为,教学是一门科学,同时也是一门艺术。

2."as+形容词/副词的原级+as"与"not as/so+形容词/副词的原级+as"表示同级比较,即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。

The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.

这项工作不是像你想像的那么难。

3."the+比较级+of the two +名词"表示"两者中较……的那个"。

The taller of the two boys is my brother.

两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。

4.a+形容词比较级+n.……

After two years'research,we have a far better understanding of the disease.

研究两年之后,现在我们对这种病有更好的理解。

We went to the USA in search of a better life.

为了寻找更美好的生活我们去了美国。

5.比较级的修饰语常见的有:rather,much,still,even,far,any(用于否定句或疑问句),a lot,a little,a great deal,by far,a bit 等。

The students study even harder than before.

学生们学习比以前更努力了。

A car runs a great deal faster than a bike.

汽车比自行车跑得快得多。

6.最高级

(1)最高级的修饰语常见的有:序数词,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not really,not quite,nothing like。

The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.

目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。

I'd like to buy the second most expensive camera.

我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。

(2)否定词+比较级=最高级。

There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.

为朋友而放弃生命的人的爱是最伟大的爱。

—Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?

——你对他在会议上说的满意吗?

—No.It couldn't have been worse.

——不,不能再差了。

【巧学妙记】

高考热点分析:形容词和副词


【难点释疑】

比较级表示最高级含义

1. 比较级+than any other+可数名词单数

The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China. 在中国,长江比其他任何一条河流都长。

2. 比较级+than all(the) other+可数名词复数

China is larger than all the other Asian countries. 中国比亚洲的其他国家都大。

3. no/never/nothing...+比较级

Nothing is more valuable than time. 时间比任何东西都珍贵。

4. "否定词+不定冠词+形容词的比较级+名词"或"否定词+副词的比较级"表示"从未……;未曾……"

This film is very moving. I have never seen a better one. 这部电影很感人,我从没有看过一部比它更好的。

考向三倍数表达法

表示倍数的句型:

(1)A is+倍数+比较级+than+B

(2)A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B

(3)A is+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height 等)+of+B

(4)A is+倍数+that+of+B

(5)A is+倍数+what 引导的名词性从句

①This building is three times higher than that one.

This building is three times as high as that one.

This building is three times the height of that one.

这个建筑物是那个建筑物的3倍高。

②The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008.

=The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008.

今年的产量是2008年的三倍。

③After the new technique was introduced,the factory produced twice as many cars in 2008 as the year before.

自从新技术被引进以后,这家工厂2008年生产的小汽车是上一年的两倍。

考点四多个形容词修饰名词的顺序

多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为:

限定词→数词→描绘词→(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) →出处→材料性质→类别→名词

a small round table

a tall gray building

a dirty old brown shirt

a famous German medical school

an expensive Japanese sports car

高考热点分析:形容词和副词


考点五 形容词、副词辨析

形容词副词的区别及用法

1. late 和later

He is late. He is half an hour late.

他迟到了,迟到了半小时。

Three minutes later, he arrived.

三分钟后,他来了。

2. pleased, pleasing与pleasant

(1)pleased的含义是"感到满意,高兴",后常跟介词at, with。例如:

I'm pleased to see you here.

在这儿见到你很高兴。

She's pleased with our programme.

她对我们的节目很满意。

(2)pleasing表示"令人欣喜的",相当于"giving pleasure"。例如:

My sister's progress in dancing is pleasing.

我姐姐在舞蹈方面的进步令人高兴。

The baby has a pleasing voice.

这个婴儿的声音很悦耳。

(3)pleasant表示"快乐的,愉快的"。例如:

The girl has a pleasant childhood.

这个女孩有一个快乐的童年。

To have a pleasant holiday is my favorite.

过一个愉快的假期是我最喜欢的。

3. living, alive与live

(1)living作定语时,既可置于所修饰的名词之前,也可置于所修饰的名词之后,译为"活着的,当代的"。在句中充当定语及表语。例如:

Not all living things live on sunlight.

并非所有的生物都依赖阳光生存。

My grandparents are still living.

我的祖父母仍然健在。

(2)alive译为"活着的",可以在句中作表语及定语。作定语时,位于它所修饰的名词之后。例如:

He may be the busiest person alive.

他可能是世上最忙的人了。

Is that sheep dead or alive?

那头羊是死了还是活着?

(3)alive还有"活泼的,活动的,有生机的"之意。例如:

You seem very much alive today.

你今天看起来很活跃。

(4)live表示"活着的",做"现场直播"讲时可以用作形容词、副词,在句子中可以作定语,表语。

The programme is live./The programme is broadcast live.

这个节目是现场直播的。

4. worth,worthy与worthwhile

(1)worth意为"值得的",后接v-ing形式,构成"be worth doing"结构,也可接表示价格的名词及钱数;

(2)worthy意为"值得的",后接"of+名词(或being+过去分词)",构成"be worthy of+名词(或being done)"结构或"be worthy to be done"结构。

(3)be worthwhile to do sth/doing sth例如:

This coat is worth one hundred yuan.

这件上衣价值一百元。

This problem is worthy of being discussed.

这个问题值得讨论。

5. too、also、either

too和also用于肯定句、疑问句,too多用于口语,also多用于书面语,either用于否定句。Too常用在句末,also常用在句中。

Are they coming too ?

他们也来吗?

She is young and beautiful, and also rich.

她年轻漂亮,而且有钱。

He hasn't finished it, either.

他也还没有做完。

6. likely与possible, probable

likely 的主语可以是it也可以是名词或其它代词,而possible和probable只能用it作主语。

7. most 与mostly

most做形容词或代词,如:most students, most of us;mostly为副词,表示大部分情况下,或成分中大部分。

The sauce is mostly cream.

这沙司主要是奶油。

We're mostly out on Sundays.

我们星期天一般不在家。

考点六几组难点句型详解

句型1:A is 倍数+the size/length/weight/height…of B.如:

The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.

新扩建的广场是前一个的四倍大。

句型2:A is to B what C is to D. 意为"A对于B就如C对于D。"如:

Engines are to machines what hearts are to animals. 发动机对于机器就如心脏对于动物。

句型3:can't be too+adj. = can't be+adj.+enough无论……都不为过,越……越…… 如:

You can never be careful enough.= You can never be too careful.你无论怎么小心都不为过。

句型4:too…to句型的两个意义

(1) 表示否定意义,意为"太……而不能"。如:

This question is too hard for me to understand.

这个问题对我来说太难理解了。

(2) 表示肯定意义,意为"非常,很,极"。当too后面接easy,ready, eager, inclined, willing, thankful, delighted等形容词时,too表示"很,非常"之意,与very表达"很"的意思相同。当too前有all, but, only等词时,形成only /but/all too…to do结构,仍旧表达"非常,很,极"之意。如:

I'm too glad to hear that.

我对此感到非常高兴。