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30 The death of a ghost 幽灵之死

1. For years villagers believed that Endley farm was haunted.

多年来，村民们一直认为恩得利农场在闹鬼。

主句：villagers believed ...

that 引导一个宾语从句作 believe 的宾语：Endley farm was haunted.

2.The farm was owned by two brothers, Joe and Bert Cox.

恩得利农场属于乔.考科斯和鲍勃.考科斯兄弟俩所有。

这句使用了被动语态：宾语+be+动词-de+by+主语

the farem + was + owned + by + two brothers

3.They employed a few farm hands, but no one was willing to work there long.

他们雇了几个农工，但谁也不愿意在那儿长期工作下去。

本句使用了 but 连接两个并列句，but 表示转折：

句子1：They employed a few farm hands.

句子2：No one was willing to work there long.

4.Every time a worker gave up his job, he told the same story.

每次雇工辞职后都叙述着同样的故事。

Every time："每次"，用来引导时间状语从句 "A worker gave up his job."

5.Farm labourers said that they always woke up to find the work had been done overnight.

雇工们说，常常一早起来发现有人在夜里把活干了。

这句嵌套使用了两个 that 引导的宾话从句：

主句：Farm labourers said...

第一个 that 引导的宾语从句，作为 said 的宾语：they always woke up to find...

第二个省略了 that 引导的宾语从句，作为 find 的宾语：the work had been done overnight.

6. Hay had been cut and cow sheds had been cleaned.

干草已切好，牛棚也打扫干净了。

这句使用 and 连接两个并列句，且这两个并列句中都使用了被动语态：

句子1：Hay had been cut.

句子2：Cow sheds had been cleaned.

7. A farm worker, who stayed up all night, claimed to have seen a figure cutting corn in the moonlight.

有一个彻夜未眠的雇工还声称他看见一个人影在月光下收割庄稼。

主句：A farm worker claimed to have seen a figure.

who 引导定语从句修饰限定 worker：The worker stayed up all night.

动词-ing从句作后置定语：cutting corn in the moonlight，译为"在月光下收割庄稼的"

8. In time, it became an accepted fact that the Cox brothers employed a conscientious ghost that did most of their work for them.

随着时间的流逝，考科斯兄弟雇了一个尽心尽责的鬼，他们家的活大部分都让鬼给干了，这件事成了公认的事实。

主句：it became an accepted fact ...

that 引导的同位语从句，对 fact 进行解释说明：the Cox brothers employed a conscientious ghost.

第2个 that 继续引导同位语从句说明这个 ghost，且 that 本身在从句中充当主语：

The ghost did most of their work for them.

同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, reply, report, remark等抽象名词，其关联词多为连词that.

Where did you get the idea that I could not come?

你从哪儿听说我不能来？(先行词是news)

9. No one suspected that there might be someone else on the farm who had never been seen.

谁也没想到农场竟会有一个从未露面的人。

主句：No one suspected...

that 引导宾语从句作为 suspect 的宾语：there might be someone else on the farm.

who 引导定语从句对 someone 进行说明：The man had never been seen.

10.This was indeed the case.

但事实上确有此人。

this is the case：确有其事

11. A short time ago, villagers were astonished to learn that the ghost of Endley had died.

不久之前，村民们惊悉恩得利农场的鬼死了。

主句：villagers were astonished to learn ...

that 引导的宾语从句作为 learn 的宾语： the ghost of Endley had died.

12. Everyone went to the funeral, for the 'ghost' was none other than Eric Cox, a third brother who was supposed to have died as a young man.

大家都去参加了葬礼，因为那"鬼"不是别人，正是农场主的兄弟埃里克.考科斯。人们以为埃里克年轻时就死了。

主句：Everyone went to the funeral.

for 引导原因状语从句，说明原因：the 'ghost' was none other than Eric Cox.

然后，使用逗号隔开的句子，对 Eric Cox 这个人进行解释说明：

a third brother who was supposed to have died as a young man.

这里，who 引导定语从句，说明这个 the third brother：He was supposed to have died as a young man.

13.After the funeral, Joe and Bert revealed a secret which they had kept for over forty years.

葬礼之后，乔和鲍勃透露了他们保守了长达50多年的秘密。

主句：Joe and Bert revealed a secret.

介词短语作状语：After the funeral

which 引导定语从句修饰 secret：They had kept the secret for over forty years.

14．Eric had been the eldest son of the family.

埃里克是这家长子。

15. He had been obliged to join the army during the Second World War.

年龄比他两个弟弟大很多，第二次世界大战期间被迫参军。

16.As he hated army life，he decided to desert his regiment.

他讨厌军旅生活，决定逃离所在部队。

主句：he decided to desert his regiment.

as 引导原因状语从句：he hated army life.

17.When he learnt that he would be sent abroad, he returned to the farm and his farther hid him until the end of the war.

当他了解自己将被派遣出国时，他逃回农场，父亲把他藏了起来，直到战争结束。

本句的主句是由 and 连接两个并列句：

句子1：he returned to the farm.

句子2：his farther hid him until the end of the war.

When 引导一个时间状语从句：he learnt ...

在这个从句中，又使用了 that 引导的宾语从句作为 learnt 的宾语：he would be sent abroad

18.Fearing the authorities, Eric remained in hiding after the war as well.

由于害怕当局，埃里克战后继续深藏不露。

fearing the authorities：这里使用"动词-ing"形式作状语，表示原因

19.His father told everybody that Eric had been killed in action.

他的父亲告诉大家，埃里克在战争中被打死了。

主句：His father told everybody...

that 引导宾语从句作为 told 的间接宾语：Eric had been killed in action.

20.The only other people who knew the secret were Joe and Bert.

除此之外，只有乔与鲍知道这个秘密。

主句：The only other people were Joe and Bert.

who 引导的定语从句说明 people：The people knew the secret.

21.They did not even tell their wives.

但他俩连自己的妻子都没告诉。

22.When their father died, they thought it their duty to keep Eric in hiding.

父亲死后，他们兄弟俩认为有责任继续把埃里克藏起来。

23.All these years, Eric had lived as a recluse.

这些年来，埃里克过着隐士生活。

24.He used to sleep during the day and work at night, quite unaware of the fact that he had become the ghost of Endley.

白天睡觉，夜里出来干活，一点不知道自己已成了恩得利家场的活鬼。

主句使用了 and 连接两个相同的成分，都作为 use to do 中的 "do" 成分：

句子1：He used to sleep during the day.

句子2：He used to work at night.

用一个短语作状语：quite unaware of the fact.

又使用了 that 引导同位语从句说明 fact 的内容：he had become the ghost of Endley.

25.When he died, however, his brothers found it impossible to keep the secret any longer.

他死后，他的弟弟们才觉得无法再保守这个秘密了。

when 引导时间状语从句，表示"当...的时候"：When he died

find it + adj + to do：发现做某事怎么样，"found it impossible to keep the secret"，译为"发现不可能保守秘密"