抗击疫情是当前最重要的工作,每个人做好自己的工作就是对抗击疫情的最大支持,而作为高考学生,关心时事,坚持学习,准备考试就是对抗击疫情的最大贡献。从高考英语准备的来看,学习掌握时事热点中的常用和高频词汇和术语是高考学生重要的学习内容,下面为考生们整理了与新冠病毒(NCP)暨COVID-19相关的词汇和术语,外加一段片段阅读供参考。

一、词汇

acute:a(疾病)急性的

corona:n. 冠状

coronavirus:n. 冠状病毒

contagious:a. (疾病)接触传染的

contain:v. 控制,抑制

contract:v. 感染(疾病)

contraction:n. 感染

diagnosis:n. 诊断

diagnose:v. 诊断

discharge:v. 使…出院

disinfection:n. 消毒

epicenter:n. (疫情)中心

epidemic:n. 疫情

host:n. 宿主

incubation:n. 潜伏期

infect :v. 感染,传染

infected: a. 被感染的,被传染的

infection:n. 感染,传染

infectious:a. 感染的,传染的

immune:a. 免疫的

immunity:n. 免疫力

isolation:n. 隔离

medication:n. 药物

outbreak:n(疾病)爆发

pandemic: n.(疾病)大流行

pneumonia:n. 肺炎

reagent:n. 试剂

recuperate:v. 康复

respiratory:n. 呼吸的

screen:v. 筛查

syndrome:n. 综合征

symptom:n. 症状

symptomatic:a. 有症状的

transmit:v. 传播

transmission:n. 传播

vaccine:n. 疫苗

vaccinate:v. 给…接种疫苗

virus:n. 病毒

二、术语

antiviral medication:抗病毒药物

battle/combat/fight the epidemic:战/抗击疫情

clinically diagnosed case:临床确诊病例

community spread:社区传播

confirmed cases:确诊病例

confirmed infected patients:确诊感染患者

contract the virus:感染病毒

coronavirus epidemic:冠状病毒疫情

coronavirus outbreak:冠状病毒爆发

coronavirus patient:冠状病毒患者

coronavirus screening:冠状病毒筛查

coronavirus test kits:冠状病毒检测试剂盒

critical condition:危重状况

cross-infection:交叉感染

curb/contain the epidemic:控制疫情

deadly virus:致命病毒

death toll:死亡率

designated hospitals:定点医院

droplet transmission:飞沫传播

discharged/released from hospitals:出院

emergency treatment:紧急治疗

epidemic prevention and control:疫情防控

face mask:口罩,面罩

field hospital:野战医院

general fever patients:普通发烧患者

ground zero:(疫情)起源地

human-to-human transmission:人传人

incubation period:潜伏期

nasal/oral swabs:鼻腔或口腔拭子

novel coronavirus:新型冠状病毒

novel coronavirus pneumonia:新冠肺炎

mobile cabin hospital:方舱医院

mother-to-child transmission:母婴传播

medical observation:医学观察

medical supplies:医疗供应品

MERS:中东呼吸综合征(Middle East Respiratory Syndrome)

mode of transmission:传播方式

mortality rate:死亡率

N95 respirator:N95(防毒)口罩/面罩

potential cases:潜在病例

protective goggles and masks:防护眼睛和面罩

protective medical suits:医用防护服

recovery rate:康复率

reported cases:报告病例

respiratory symptoms:呼吸症状

SARS:严重急性呼吸综合征(Sever Acute Respiratory Syndrome)

self-monitor:自我观察

self-quarantine:自我隔离

surgical mask:医用口罩

suspect cases:疑似病例

suspected infected patients:疑似感染患者

test confirmed cases:检测确诊病例

tested negative:检测阴性

tested positive:检测阳性

virus spreading:病毒传播

under quarantine:处于隔离中

三、片段阅读

A coronavirus outbreak could be devastating for poorer countries

When the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus outbreak a public health emergency of international concern, it did so over fears that smaller or less-developed countries would struggle to contain the virus.

"Our greatest concern is the potential for the virus to spread to countries with weaker health systems and which are ill-prepared to deal with it," said WHO director general Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus on January 30.

Why this matters:

If self-sustaining outbreaks start occurring in nations with poor healthcare systems, the impact could be devastating.

China is much wealthier than many low-income nations, and has implemented unprecedented measures -- like sealing off cities and building new field hospitals in just over week.

But still, China is struggling to keep the virus under control -- meaning weaker, lower-income countries would have an even harder time dealing with an outbreak, experts say.

Why poorer countries could struggle to cope:

Strained healthcare systems:

In the past, natural disasters have strained emergency response and health systems in developing countries like the Philippines. Powerful typhoons, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and dengue epidemics affected hundreds of thousands in 2019.

Rapid industrialization:

These countries are quickly urbanizing -- but population booms and mass migration to overcrowded cities with underdeveloped infrastructure could hasten the virus spread.

Poverty and disease:

Some developing countries are already grappling with poverty and infectious diseases like tuberculosis -- meaning they are even less equipped to deal with a new outbreak.

生词:

devastating:破坏性极大的,毁灭性的

implement:实行,实施

unprecedented:前所未有的,史无前例的

strain:使…不堪承受;

eruption:喷发

dengue:登革热

boom:迅速增加

infrastructure:基础设施

grapple:搏斗,力争

tuberculosis:结核病

译文:

冠状病毒如果在比较贫穷的国家爆发很可能是毁灭性的

世界卫生组织宣布将冠状病毒疫情列为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件是因为世卫组织担心规模较小或欠发达国家将会难以控制这种病毒。

“我们最担心的是,这种病毒有传播到卫生系统较弱、准备不足的国家的潜在可能性。”世卫组织总干事特德罗斯·阿德哈诺姆·格布雷耶苏斯1月30日说。

为什么这么做很重要:

如果具有自我运行特性的疫情开始在医疗系统较差的国家发生,其影响可能是毁灭性的。

中国比许多低收入国家富裕得多,并且采取了前所未有的措施——比如封锁城市和在仅仅一周多的时间新建多所野战医院。

但中国仍在极力控制病毒,这意味着国力较弱的低收入国家如果面临疫情将更难予以应对,专家说。

为什么较贫穷国家难以应对疫情:

医疗保健系统紧张:

过去,自然灾害使菲律宾等发展中国家的应急和卫生系统趋于紧张。2019 年,强大的台风、地震、火山爆发和登革热疫情影响到数十万人。

快速工业化:

这些国家正在迅速城市化,但人口激增和大规模移民前往欠缺基础设施的拥挤城市可能会加速病毒的传播。

贫困和疾病:

一些发展中国家已经在与贫困和结核病等传染病作斗争 —— 意味着这些国家更不具备应对新疫情的能力。