reason n. 原因，理由
〔辨析〕
指某事发生的原因或做某事的正当理由，常后接介词 for 及 why 或 that 引导的从句，作“理由”解时还可后接动词不定式。
〔例证〕
She gave her reason for being late.
她说出了迟到的原因。
He refused to explain the reasons behind his decision.
他拒绝解释为何作出这个决定。
We don't know the reason why she didn't come home.
我们不知道她为什么没回家。
He has reason to feel happy.
他有理由感到高兴。
cause n. 起因，理由
〔辨析〕
指导致某事发生的行为、事件等；也指产生某种感情或做出某种举动的正当理由，作此义解时常可与 reason 换用。
〔例证〕
Lack of physical exercise is the leading cause of obesity in young students.
缺乏体育锻炼是青少年学生肥胖的主要原因。
What was the fundamental cause of this failure?
这次失败的根本原因是什么？
There is no cause/reason for anxiety.
不必焦虑。
excuse n. 理由，托词
〔辨析〕
指辩解的理由或推脱的借口，常后接介词 for。
〔例证〕
She always has an excuse for being late.
她总是能为自己的迟到找理由。
What is your good excuse for not coming?
你没来有什么正当理由？
ground n. 充分理由 ，根据
〔辨析〕
指做某事的正当理由，作此义解时通常用复数。
〔例证〕
She gave good grounds for divorce.
她给出了充分的离婚理由。
Did the police have reasonable grounds to file a lawsuit against that company?
警方有充分理由起诉那家公司吗？
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