祈使句最典型的考点

祈使句是英语中的一类特殊句式，其功能是表示请求、劝告、命令、要求等。在高考英语中，对于祈使句的考察方法主要包含两个方面：一是对“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”的句型进行考察；二是对祈使句的反义疑问句的考察。

一、高考英语中对于“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”的考察

“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”是近几年高考英语中一个非常重要的考点。针对这一句式有如下三种命题方向：

1. 考察其中的连词是and还是or

用and还是or取决于句意，但很多命题老师还往往在选项中设置but，yet，while，so，then等连词或副词作为干扰项。请看下面例题：

(1) Lose one hour in the morning you will be looking for it the rest of the day.

A. but B. and C. or D. so

(2) Follow your doctor's advice, your cough will get worse.

A. or B. and C. then D. so

(3) Stand over there you will be able to see it better.

A. or B. while C. but D. and

祈使句，+ and + 陈述句: 在这里祈使句相当于if 引导的条件状语从句（但此时去掉and）。

Give blood ( if you can )and many lives will be saved.

还可以用简短的形式表示，即省略动词。

Give me one more hour, and I’ll get the work finished.（祈使句）

==One more hour, and I’ll get the work finished.（名词短语）

== If you give me one more hour, I’ll get the work finished.（if条件句）

==If I am given one more hour, I’ll get the work finished.

== Given one more hour, I’ll get the work finished.

More effort, and you will succeed.

Another attempt, and you will get it.

One more minute, and the patient would have bled to death.

祈使句，+ or + 陈述句

Listen to the teacher carefully in class, or you can’t catch what he is saying.

Let’s keep to the point，or we ______ any decisions.

A will never reach B have never reached

C never reach D never reached

小练：

①Help others whenever you can （次要成分忽略不看）______ you will make the world a nicer place to live in.

A. and B. or C. unless D. but

② _____ on the top of the tower and you’ll enjoy the scenery of the whole city.

A. Standing B. Stand C. To stand D. Stand

③______ and I’ll get the work finished.

A. Have one more hour B. One more hour=Give me one more hour

C. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour

④ Stand over there___ you’ll be able to see it better.

A. or B. while C. but D. and

==If you stand over there, you’ll be able to see it better.

⑤ _____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.

A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given

⑥ Follow your doctor’s advice. ______ your cough will get worse.

A. or B. and C. then D. so

⑦ ----- English has large vocabulary, hasn’t it?

----- Yes, ____ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.

A. know B. knowing C. to know D. known

⑧ Stand over there _______you’ll be able to see the oil painting better.

A. but B. till C. and D. or

⑨ _____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.

A. To throw B. Thrown C. Throwing D. Being thrown

⑩If you have a job， yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed．（2010四川）

A．do devote B．don't devote C．devoting D．not devoting

(keys: ADBDD AACCA)

2. 考察祈使句句首的动词形式

祈使句句首要用动词原形，但命题老师往往会用各种非谓语动词的选项来进行干扰，以让部分基础不扎实的考生误认为是考察非谓语动词做句首状语。这时候，考生只要看后面的句子中是否有并列连词即可，如有连词，则说明前后是并列的句子，如果没有并列连词，则前面是非谓语动词短语，后面是一个句子。请看实例：

(1) straight on and you'll see a church. You won't miss it.

A. Go B. Going C. If you go D. when going

(2) －English has a large vocabulary, hasn't it?

　－Yes. more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.

A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D.Known

3. 考察后面的陈述句中的谓语时态

or或and后面的陈述句要用一般将来时，因为从意义上看，它明显表示的是一个将来时间的动作。请看实例：

(1) Turn on the television or open a magazine and you advertisements showing fancy clothes.

A. will often see B. often see C. are often seeing D. have often seen

(2) Let's keep to the point or we any decisions.

A. will never reach B. have never reached C. never reach D. never reached

二、高考中对于祈使句的反义疑问的考察

由于祈使句的功能是表示请求、劝告、命令、要求等，所以其主语往往都是对方“you”，因而在反义疑问的时候，大部分都是用“will you?”。但是如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句，反义疑问的时候往往用“Shall we?”，因为这时候的“Let’s”是包含说话人自己和听话人在内的. 而"Let us"开头的祈使句中，疑问部分也是用"will you"。