独立主格结构不定冠词和后面的形容词性物主代词一并省略用法分析

Miss Smith entered the classroom,book in hand.

Mr. Li comes here, a book in his hand.为什么这两处的冠词处理的不一样?其实Ta想问的是这两句句子的成分和结构 及其用法有什么不同?

小编就来帮助大家分析一下:

Mr. Li comes here, with a book in his hand.

a book in his hand是with的复合结构,即为:with a book in his hand,从语法角度看,它是一个复合的介宾短语:with是介词,a book是宾语,in his hand是另一个介宾短语修饰book.

with的复合结构都可以去掉with变成独立主格结构(小编在11月4日头条文章《with的用法》一文有比较详细的论述,请查阅),这样处理后,句子即为:

Mr. Li comes here, a book in his hand.(也就是第二个例句)

同理:Miss Smith entered the classroom, a book in her hand.结构完全相同。

像a book in her hand这种由单数可数名词加另一个介宾短语构成的独立主格结构,常常把不定冠词和后面的形容词性物主代词一并省略,变成:

Miss Smith entered the classroom, book in hand.(也就是第一个例句)

所以,以下三句话含义完全相同:

1、 Miss Smith entered the classroom, with a book in her hand.(复合的介宾短语)

2、 Miss Smith entered the classroom, a book in her hand.(独立主格结构)

3、 Miss Smith entered the classroom, book in hand.(独立主格结构)

独立主格结构不定冠词和形容词性物主代词一并省略用法分析