冠词考点分析与实例精讲

请做下面这道考题：

“Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.” “Is it _____ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.”

A. a, the B. the, the

C. a, a D. the, a

【陷阱】误选A，生搬硬套冠词用法规则：第一次提到某人或某事物用不定冠词，第二次再提到该人或该事物时用定冠词。

【分析】最佳答案为C。第一空填a，比较好理解；而第二空填a是因为此句中的one 并非指前面提到的 pen，即这里的 one 与前面的 pen 并非同一事物，这从后面一句的 I think I saw it somewhere 可以清楚地知道。请比较下面一题：

“Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.” “Is it _____ black one? I found it in the corner.”

A. a, the B. the, the

C. a, a D. the, a

此题的最佳答案是 A不是C。请注意其后 I found it in the corner这一信息，它表明说明者是拿着笔在与对方说话。请再看一个类似的例子(from www.yygrammar.com)：

“Have you seen _______ new bike? I put it here just now.” “Is it _______ white one? A boy has ridden it away.”

A. a; a B. a; the

C. the; the D. the; a

此题答案选A，注意其后的 A boy has ridden it away 表明自行车已不在说话者身旁。

另外，请看下面一道类似的考题，也很容易错：

My friend Mary is _____ beautiful girl and _____ girl everyone likes to work with.

A. a, a B. a, the

C. the, a D. the, the

【陷阱】很容易误选B，认为第一次提到 girl 用不定冠词，第二次提到就应该用定冠词。

【分析】最佳答案为A。句中第二次提到 girl 时并不是特指的，此句实为一省略句，补充完整为 My friend Mary is a beautiful girl and she is a girl everyone likes to work with. 请再做以下试题：

(1) Jim is _______ brave boy and _______ boy never fearing anything.

A. a, a B. a, the

C. the, a D. the, the

(2) It is really _______ useful dictionary and _______ dictionary every one of us needs.

A. a, a B. a, the

C. the, a D. the, the