一.Where引导定语从句-形容词性从句

a.Where 引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的名词，如place, room, house, street, area等，并在定语从句中作地点状语。Where 在定语从句中用作关系副词，作状语，先行词一般指地点。

在实际的英语学习中，where 在定语从句中的用法远不是这么简单，而是复杂得很。

某些在从句中充当地点状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以与where互换

地点：Where = at/in/on + which

1)This is the house in which I lived two years ago = This is the house where I lived two years ago.

2)Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet where life has developed gradually. (Where = on which)

比较学习

1)This is the factory where/in which you worked last year.

2)This is the factory that/ which you visited last year.

在第一句中，关系词在定语从句中作状语，所以用关系副词 where 或者 in which,因为定语从句中worked 是个不及物动词； 而在第二句中，关系词在定语从句中做宾语，因此用that 或which，还可以省略，visited是个及物动词。

b.Where 引导的定语从句修饰抽象的，模糊的地点，如situation, stage, point, case, activity 等。

1)修饰抽象名词 situation

a)He’s got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane.

b)He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.

c)It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.

2)修饰抽象名词activity

Those successful deaf dancers think dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.

3)修饰抽象名词point

After graduation she reached a point in her career where she needed to decide what to do.

4)修饰抽象名词case

There are cases where the word “mighty” is used as an adverb.

5)修饰抽象名词 position

It’s put me in a position where I can’t afford to take the job.

6)修饰抽象名词 job

She wants a job where her management skills can be put to good use.

7)Life is a long race where we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.

8)This summer I want to go to Hangzhou, where there is a beautiful lake.

9)In experiments where young teens are allowed to sleep as long as they want, they tend to sleep an average of 9 hours.

10)Is there a shop around where we can buy some toilet articles?

c.当然了，我们碰到这些词作为先行词时并不一定都用where, 我们也要具体情况具体分析，他们只有在定语从句中作状语时候才用where.

1)We are trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk.

2)– Do you have anything to say for yourself?

– Yes, there’s one point (that/which/-) we must insist on.

第一个句子中关系词在句中作状语，所以选择where关系副词。第二个句子中关系词在定语从句中做宾语，所以选择关系代词 that, which或者不填。

3)It was in the hotel where I lived that I last saw Mr. Smith. （定语从句+强调句的结合）

4)The place where the bridge is supposed to be built should be where the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. (where 引导的定语从句和表语从句结合)

d.Where 在特殊情况下的用法。

在有些语境中，我们使用where时要仔细考虑，谨慎使用，例如

1)The train on which she was traveling was late.

这句话，用on which 意思就是他去旅行乘坐的火车晚点了，如换成where,意思就发生了变化，意思变成了他就是在这辆火车上的旅行的，它晚点了。

2)Here is a dictionary, in which you can look up the words you want to know.

3)There is no such dictionary where/ in which you can find everything.

第2句也不能换成where, 因为look up the words in the dictionary 是固定搭配，就用in which, 这是它和第3句的区别所在。第3句是 you can find everything in the dictionary, 它就是单纯地表地点，因此用where和in which 都可以。

二.Where引导宾语从句，表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句-名词性从句

a.Where 引导的名词性从句，where 意思接近the place where,

b.可译为“。。。的地方”， where 是疑问副词。

c.Where 引导名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）where 在从句中充当地点状语

1)Where we should go camping hasn't been decided. 主语从句

2)That’s where we differ. 表语从句

3)We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. (同位语)

4)I have no idea where they are spending their holidays. 同位语从句 (同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明)

5)No matter where you go, I’ll wait for you here.(让步状语从句)

6)She was free to go to where she liked and do what she liked. 宾语从句

7)The driver asked me where I wanted to go

8)The first thing is to find out where she is.

9)It’s really no business of your where I spend my summer vacation.

三.Where引导状语从句

a.Where 前没有表示地点的先行词。

b.Where 是从属连词

c.Where 引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词。

d.Where 引导地点状语从句意思接近in/at the place where 可译为“在…的地方”

1)The famous scientist grew up where he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.

2)She found her passport where she lost it.

3)Put the medicine where children cannot reach it.

4)Take him where it’s quiet.

5)Keep him where you can see him.

6)After the war, a new school building was put up where there had once been a theatre.