语法填空和改错题的考点：时态、语态、非谓语

涉及谓语时态语态，非谓语，（虚拟语气，强调句是冷门）

做题指导：

1. 分清句子的主干和枝干是解题的关键。

2. 做题三步骤：

a.分析句子结构，确定设空部分的句子成分（主语，谓语，定语，状语，还是宾补）,分清设空部分是谓语还是非谓语；

b. 如果做非谓语，要注意核查其与相关逻辑主语的逻辑关系（主动或被动），辨别其与谓语的动作发生时间的先后关系；

c. 特别要注意句中的标点符号如“，”。

3. 谓语动词的形式有：（以do为例）

一般现在时 ___________________ 被动形式è_________________

一般过去时____________________ 被动形式è_________________

一般将来时____________________ 被动形式è_________________

现在进行时____________________ 被动形式è_________________

过去进行时____________________ 被动形式è_________________

将来进行时____________________

现在完成时____________________ 被动形式è_________________

过去完成时____________________ 被动形式è_________________

现在完成进行时________________

4. 非谓语的形式有：（以do为例）

to do（主动，将来）

doing（主动，进行）

done（被动，完成）

5-8关于非谓语：

5. 非谓语的主动表被动：

give me some book to read;

He is not easy to get along with;

He is to blame for this;

The book is worth reading;

The room requires cleaning;

6. there be 结构中的非谓语：

It would be surprising for there to be no objections.（类似for sb. to do结构）

You expect there to be a lecture this afternoon.（作expect, mean, want等宾语）

There being no further business, the chairman closed the meeting. (作状语)

7. 几种复合结构的用法：

a. It is expensive for us to use electricity for cooking.

b. I can’t imagine George’s sailing across the ocean in a boat.

c. The children having been seated, the meeting began.

d. Weather permitting, we’ll play golf this afternoon.

e. With much homework to do, I refused the invitation to Mary’s birthday party.

8. 几种固定表达法：

regarding, concerning, considering, including, supposing, judging from, talking of, taking all things into consideration, generally speaking, to be honest, to begin with, to tell the truth, to make matters worse…

9-11 关于谓语：

对谓语时态的确定特别注意上下文语境，挖掘隐含信息，找到突破口。

几种易混时态：一般现在时与现在进行时、一般过去式与现在完成时、一般过去式与过去完成时、过去完成时与现在完成时。

9.几种常用句式：

It is/has been 10 years since he left.

è It was/had been 10 years since he _________(leave).

It is the first time that she __________(visit) Beijing.

è It was the first time that she ___________(visit) Beijing.

By the time John gets home, his mother __________(leave ) for Shanghai.

è By the time John got home, his mother _________(leave) fir Shanghai.

10. 未实现的愿望及打算

We were planning to spend part of the winter vacation together, but now I don’t want to invite him home.

I had planned/intended/meant to come to see you last night, but I was too busy then.

= I planned/intended/meant to have come to see you last night, but I was too busy then.

11. 注意隐含条件句中的虚拟语气。

（一）语法填空：

语法填空单句练习：

1. He ___________(pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.

2. After a four-day journey, the young man __________(present) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink…

3. But Jane knew from past experience that her __________(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.

4.…people stepped on your feet or __________ (push) you with their elbows, hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.

5. Being too anxious to help an event develop often _________ (result) in the contrary to our intention.

6. I noticed a man ________ (sit) in the front.

7. He spit it out, _________ (say) it was awful.

8. She wished that he was as easy ____________(please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.

10. While she was getting me __________ (settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car.

11. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to elder who had been his teacher. After a four-day journey, the young man____________（present） the water to the old man.

12. Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not a pleasant experience people stepped on your feet or _____________ （push）you with their elbows（肘部），hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.

13. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane ____________（inform）.

14. Being too anxious to help an event develop often _________ (result) in the contrary to our intention.

15. I gratefully accepted the offer, _______ (thank) him and watched the truck disappear down the road.

16. _____________ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old.

17. Eugene's never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use __________(argue) with him.

18. Please remain _________(seat); the winner of the prize will be announced soon.

19. — Can I smoke here?

— Sorry. We don’t allow ___________(smoke) here. (江苏)

5. It is difficult to imagine his ________ (accept) the decision without any consideration.

25. To learn English well, we should find opportunities

26. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ____________(interest) in his lectures.

27. Energy drinks are not allowed ________(make) in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.

28. My advisor encouraged me ________(take) a summer course to improve my writing skills.

29. My parents have always made me ________(feel) good about myself, even when I was twelve.

30. They knew her very well. They had seen her ________ (grow) up from childhood.

语法填空：

Lao Tzu was traveling with his followers. They came to a forest 1_____ __ hundreds of woodcutters were cutting the trees.The whole forest 2________(cut) except for one big tree __3__ thousands of branches. It was so big that 10,000 persons could sit in its shade.

Lao Tzu told his followers 4_______ (go) and ask why this tree had not been cut. They went and asked the woodcutters and they said, “This tree is absolutely 5_______(use)．You cannot make anything out of it 6________ every branch has so many knots in it—nothing is straight. You cannot use it as fuel because the smoke is dangerous 7_______ the eyes. This tree is absolutely useless, and that’s 8_______ we have not cut it.” The followers came back and told Lao Tzu. He laughed and 9________(say), “Be like this tree. If you are useful you will be cut and you will become furniture in somebody’s house. If you are beautiful you 10_______ (sell) in the market. Be like this tree, and you will grow big and vast and thousands of people will find shade under you .”

（二）改错：

（1） We were driving along a narrow road when the car stop…

（2） …and had returned to the car！ Bill is standing at the side of the car

（3） Two months ago they were back in America. Last Sunday， police cars hurry to the…

（4） Today， it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past.

（5） Also， scientists and doctors had learned how to deal with many diseases.

（6） Anyone may borrow books， and it cost nothing to borrow them.

（7） If the book you will want is out， you may ask for it to be called back for you.

（8） I had always wanted to return to the village after moving away and it is really great to see most of my old friends again.

（9） They offered me coffee and other drinks. We have a good time talking and laughing together.

（10） I learn about you from my English teacher， Miss Fang.

（11） My favourite sport is football. I was a member of our school football team.

（12） I am happy with any programme but the others spent a lot of time arguing and there was no way of settling the matter except by selling the set.

（13） I‘d like very much to come but I had an examination on Monday morning. It is a very…

（14） I remembered her words and calm down.

（15） They did not want me to do any work at home； they want me to devote all my time to…

（1） David and I wanted go off to find help but Bill insisted on staying near the car.

（2） …rather than go into the forest and getting lost.

（3） David pointed to a path which he thought would probably leading to a village.

（4） I went back to get David and helped him to stood up.

（5） Charles and Linda Mason do all of these things as well as climbed building.

（6） Modern people know more about health， have better food， and to live in clearer surroundings.

（7） The World Health Organization and other organizations are working improve health all over the world.

（8） …you pay the cost of send a postcard， the librarian will write to you.

（9） …and let you to know when the book you want has returned

（10） I want to thank you again for have me in your home for the summer holidays.

（11） I had always wanted return to the village after moving away.

（12） It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.

（13） I look forward to hear from you soon.

（14） Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also gives us a sense of fair play and team spirit.

（15） I was often a little tired after a day‘s work and watch TV demands very little effort.

短文改错：

I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.From the time I was about four until I was about six，I destroyed each of my toy.I was happy when the toys worked，but when things did wrong，I got angry and broke it.For a while parents bought me new toys.But before long they began to see which was happening.When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train，my father said, “That's it.No more toys to you.”My punishment lasted a year.Meanwhile，I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last.My attitude changed from then on.